您的位置:百味书屋 > 范文大全 > 经典范文 > 语法讲解:主谓一致 正文

语法讲解:主谓一致

2017-02-25 06:49:42 来源网站: 百味书屋

篇一:主谓一致英语语法详细讲解

主 谓 一 致

英语中,主语的单复数形式决定谓语动词的单复数形式。主谓一致必须遵循以下三条原则:语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。根据这三条原则,现从以下几个方面进行总结:

一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致

1. 由and/both...and...连接的两个单数名词作主语时,谓语动词一般根据语法一致的原则用复数。

例如:A young man and a girl want to go there. 一个青年男子和一个姑娘想去那里。

【注意】如果在意义上指同一个人、同一件事或同一个概念时(一个冠词),谓语动词用单数形式。

例如:① A needle and thread was found on the floor. 在地板上找到了针线(穿了线的针)。

② 这个既是是教师又是作家的人是她的朋友。

2. 一个单数名词同时被and连接的两个不同的形容词修饰,表示两个不同的概念时,谓语动词用复数。

例如:Ancient and modern history are the subjects we are studying.

古代史和现代史是我们目前学习的课程。

【注意】如果在意义上指同一个人、同一件事或同一概念时,谓语动词用单数。

例如:The last and most difficult lesson is lesson14. 14课是最后一课也是最难的一课。

3. 当each...and each...,every...and every...,no...and no...,many a...and many a...结构作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

例如:① No man and no animal is to be found on the moon. 在月球上没发现人和动物。 ② Many a doctor and many a nurse is busy with their work.

许多医生和护士都忙于他们的工作。

【注意1】Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, happy and wise.(习惯用语)

【注意2】one and a half+复数名词+复数谓语动词

a(an)+单数名词and a half+4. 由not only A but also B,not A but B,neither A nor B,either A or B,whether A or B,A or B连接的并列主语和there be结构,谓语动词通常根据就近一致原则决定。

例如:① Either the players or the coach is responsible for the defeat.

不是运动员就是教练应该对这次比赛的失利负责。

② There are some bowls, plates and a spoon on it.

【注意1】由no A but B连接的并列主语,谓语动词通常根据A决定。

例如:No one in the department but Tom and I knows that the direct is going to resign.

【注意2】由nobody but B连接的并列主语,谓语动词通常根据nobody决定,用单数。 例如:Nobody but Susan knows the secret.

【注意3】由all but B连接的并列主语,谓语动词通常根据all决定,用复数。

例如:All but one were here just now.

【注意4】由no one except B连接的并列主语,谓语动词通常根据no one决定,用单数。 例如:No one except John and Mike has passed the examination.

【总结】以上结构中,but和except属于介词,谓语动词有前面的主语确定。

【注意5】a(an)+单数名词+or two+单数谓语动词

one or two+复数名词+复数谓语动词

【注意6】There is one or two letters I would like to answer this evening.(就近一致)

5. 当主语由as well as,along with,together with,with;but,except,besides,in addition to, rather than;like,including,no less than(不少于,多达)等词连接时,其谓语动词的单复数形式通常由前面的词来决定。

例如:① An iron and steal works, with some satellite factories is to be built here.

在这里将建立一个钢铁厂和一些卫星厂。

② Tom, along with his friends, goes skating every Saturday.

每个星期六,汤姆和他的朋友们一起去滑冰。

二、百分数和分数作主语时的主谓一致

当百分数、分数后面加“of+名词或代词”时,根据这个名词或代词来决定其谓语动词的单复数形式。如果是复数名词或代词,谓语动词用复数;如果是单数名词(或不可数名词)或代词,谓语动词用单数。

例如:① Fifty percent of the students in our school are girls.

我们学校百分之五十的学生是女生。

② Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is sea. 地球表面的四分之三是海洋。

三、不定代词作主语时的主谓一致

1. 不定代词each,one,another,the other,either,neither (+of 名词/代词)和由some,any,no,every+one或thing构成的复合代词(即someone, somebody, something; anyone, anybody, anything; no one, nobody, nothing; everyone, everything, everything数形式。

例如:① Neither of us has gone through regular training. 我们两个都没经过正规训练。 ② Nobody wants to go there, does he? 没有人想去那里,是吧?

③ Something has been done to end the strike. 已经采取措施制止罢工了。

2. little, much

例如:Little has been done to prevent the air from being polluted. Much has been done to fight

against pollution.

3. none

例如:① None of us seem to have thought of it. 似乎我们全都没有想到这一点.

② None of us has got a camera. (None = Not a single one) 我们都没有照相机.

4. any+of

例如:If any of your friends is/are interested in it, let me know.

如果你朋友中有人对此感兴趣,请告诉我。

5. both, (a) few, many, several(+of

例如:Both (of) the instruments are not precise ones. 这两种仪器并不都是精密仪器.

6. all单数。

例如:① All is well that ends well. 结果好一切都好。

② All are eager to reach an agreement. 大家都急于达成一项协议。

四、表示“全体”,“部分”等意义的词作主语时的主谓一致

当主语是some, half, such, most, the rest, the last, the remainder等时,其谓语一般应遵循意义一致的原则。如果其后有“of+名词/代词”,of后面的名词是单数,则用单数;如果of后面的名词表示复数,则用复数。

例如:① Three of us will go, the rest are to stay here. 我们中的三个人去,其余的人留在这里。 ② After the big fire, the remainder is nothing. 大火之后什么也没剩下。

五、“the+形容词/过去分词”作主语时的主谓一致

当“the +形容词/过去分词”表示一类人或事物时,谓语动词用复数;如果指某一抽象概念时,谓语动词则用单数。

例如:① The sick here are very well cared for. 这里的病人都被照顾得很好。

② The true is to be distinguished from the false. 真实与虚假应加以区别。 【注意】姓氏名词用复数且前面加上定冠词时,表示一家人或一对夫妇,作主语时,谓语用复数。

例如:The Zhous live upstairs. 姓周的那家住在楼上。

The Smiths prefer sending e-mails to writing letters, because it is faster.

六、形式为复数,意义为单数的名词作主语时的主谓一致

1. 常用单数形式。

例如:① Eight hours of sleep is enough. 八小时的睡眠足够了。

② Ten pounds was missing from the till. 钱柜里的10英镑不见了。

【注意】More than two weeks has passed already.

2.

例如:Thirty-six from forty-five leaves nine. 四十五减去三十六等于九。

【注意】两数相加或两数相乘,谓语动词既可用单数形式也可用复数形式。

例如:Six times seven are / is forty-two. 六乘以七等于四十二。

3. 主语为以-ics

例如:Politics is often a topic for discussion among us. 政治常常是我们讨论的话题。

4. 以-s结尾的专有名词(如news, the United States, the United Nations等名称)作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

例如:New York Times has a wide circulation. 《纽约时报》的销路很广。

The United States has not intervened currency market since 2000.

美国自2000年以后就没有干预货币市场了。

5. 群岛,山脉,瀑布等专有名词,如the Alps, the Philippines, Niagara Falls语动词用复数形式。

例如:Niagara Falls are a splendid scene. 尼亚加拉瀑布是一个壮丽的景象。

6. 一些形式为复数,表示成双或多多益善的意思,但实际上意思为单数的名词,如trousers, pants, shorts, socks, shoes, clothes;glasses, chopsticks, scissors;goods, remains, ruins, congratulations, cheers

例如:Her glasses are new. 她的眼镜是新的.

【注意】当这类名词前有a pair of/ two pairs of/ a kind of/ a series of等数量词修饰时,谓语动词根据数量词确定单复数。

例如:This pair of scissors is made in Hangzhou. 这把剪刀是杭州制造的。

7. 单复数同形,如means, plastics, works(工厂), sheep, species, Chinese, Japanese等作主语时,谓语动词根据意义可以用单数和复数形式。

8. 名词所有格之后的名词被省略,这种情况一般只指商店、工厂、住宅、教堂、诊所等,作主语时,谓语动词用单数。

例如:Richardson’s has a lot of imported goods to sell. 理查德的店里有许多进口的商品。

七、the number of, many a ... 等作主语时的主谓一致

1. the number of +复数名词(……的数目)作主语时,谓语动词用单数;而a number of +复数名词/ numbers of +复数名词(许多……)作主语时,谓语动词用复数。

例如:The number of mistakes is surprising. 错误之多是惊人的。

2. the amount of ... (……的数目)作主语时,谓语动词用单数;可数名词(许多……)作主语时,谓语动词用单数;amounts of +不可数名词(许多……)作主语时,谓语动词用复数。

3. the quantity/collection/supply of... (……的数目)作主语时,谓语动词用单数;数;quantities/collections/supplies of +可数名词/不可数名词(许多/堆/大量……),谓语动词用复数。

4. a variety of+复数名词(许多……),谓语动词用复数;varieties of+复数名词(许多……),谓语动词用复数。

【注意】a variety of+单数名词,谓语动词用单数,此时的意思是“一种,一类”,而不是“许多”。

5. a lot of/lots of/a heap of/ heaps of/ plenty of+可数名词/不可数名词,谓语动词根据名词的单复数来决定用单数或复数。

6. the majority of ... (绝大多数的) 作主语时,谓语动词用复数。

例如:The majority of doctors believe smoking is harmful to health.

7. many a, more than one+单数名词构成的短语,尽管意义上是复数,但是谓语动词仍用单数形式。

例如:Many a comrade has that kind of opportunity. 很多同志都有那种机遇。

8. a great deal of/much+不可数名词,谓语动词用单数。

9. a good many/many+复数名词,谓语动词用复数。

八、集体名词作主语时的主谓一致

1. 有生命的词,如cattle, police, people, youth, militia(民兵), deer数形式。

例如:The police are investigating the crime. 警察正在调查这次犯罪活动。

2. 无生命的词,如foliage(叶子), machinery (机械), merchandise (商品,货物), jewellery, furniture, clothing

例如:All the machinery in the factory is made in China.这家工厂的全部机器是中国制造的.

3. town, school, village, population, family, team, group, class, government, nation, club, company, party, audience, crew(全体船员), committee(委员会), mankind, public, crowd, enemy, couple等作主语时,如果指一个整体,此时可用the 或加形容词whole修饰,谓语动词用单数;如果指全体中的每一个成员则用复数形式。

例如:① The whole school were / was sorry when she left. 她离开时,全校师生都很伤心。 ② The whole town is / are in agreement about the plan. 全体镇民都同意这项计划。

③ The football team is being recognized. (他们)正在重建这个足球队.

④ The football team are having baths and then they are coming back here for tea.足球队员们正在洗澡,然后他们会回到这里来喝茶.

九、“one of +复数名词+定语从句”结构中的主谓一致

1. 在“one of +复数名词+定语从句”结构中,定语从句中谓语动词的单复数应由它修饰的先行词的数来决定。

例如:This is one of the rooms that were damaged in the fire.这是那次大火烧毁的房间之一.

2. 在“the (only/just/very) one of +复数名词+定语从句”结构中,定语从句的谓语动词应用单数形式。

例如:Mary is the only one of the youngest girls who plays in the band.

玛丽是参加乐队伴奏的最年轻的姑娘.

十、从句、动词不定式和-ing形式作主语时的主谓一致

1. 在“主系表”结构中,如果以what从句作主语,表语又是单数,主句的谓语动词一般用单数;如果表语是复数,主句的谓语动词一般用复数;动词不定式,动词-ing形式作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数。

例如:① What caused the accident is a complete mystery. 事故是由什么引起的完全是个谜。 ② What his father left him are a few English books.

他父亲留给他的只是几本英语书而已。

③ To learn English well is difficult. 学好英语是困难的。

2. 当what从句具有两个或两个以上的动词,是表示复数意义的并列结构时,主句中的谓语动词多用复数形式。

例如:What I say and think are none of your business. 我说的和我想的都与你无关。

3. 以who, why, how, whether或that引导的从句作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数形式。 例如:Why she did this is not known. 她为什么做这件事还不清楚。

【注意1】由how and why, when and where引导的从句作主语时,谓语动词仍用单数形式。 例如:How and why he had come to Princeton New Jersey is a story of struggle, success and sadness. 他为什么以及怎样来到新泽西普林斯顿是一个充满着斗争,成功和悲哀的故事。

【注意2】由how to do A and why to do B, when to do A and where to do B引导的从句作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。

例如:Where to find the teacher and where to do the experiment are not known.

4. and连接的两个名词性从句作主语,如果表示两件事情,其谓语动词常用复数形式。 例如:What caused the accident and who was responsible for it remain a mystery to us.造成事故的原因是什么,谁应对事故负责,对我们来说还是一个谜。

篇二:最全的高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习 (精华版)

(**)主谓一致的概念。 高中英语之“主谓一致”—— (Andy整理)

所谓主谓一致是指“主语和谓语动词”之间,即(主语的人称和单复数形式)决定着(谓

语动词对应的形式)。

(一)主谓一致的种类

一、【语法一致】

1. <and连接>两个或两个以上单数名词或者代词作主语的时候,谓语动词有以下两种情况:

(1) ,

He and she _____both students of this school. 他和她都是这个学校的学生。

(2)如果连接两个以上的名词指的是同一个人或物, 或者指同一概念的时候, 谓语要用单数。

The singer and dancer____ going to give us a performance.

那个歌唱家兼舞蹈演员要给我们表演。

The knife and fork ____on the table.

刀叉在桌子上。

2. 如果主语是<不定式, 动词ing形式或主语从句>的时候,谓语动词一般用单数。

When he is coming seems very important.

他什么时候要来看起来很重要。

Collecting stamps is his hobby.

收集邮票是他的爱好。

To love her is not to break her wings.

爱她就不该折断她自由飞翔的翅膀。

.

3. 定语从句的<关系代词who, which, that>在从句中作主语时,要与<先行词>的人称和数保持一致。

Those who enjoy singing may join us.

Tom, who is your friend, should help you.

with, along with, together with, as well as, besides, like, without, except, but, including 如果句子中有这些

连接词和主语连用,谓语动词的数<随主语的变化>而变化。

例如:

The teacher, together with his students, is planting trees in the street.

老师和他的学生们正在街道上植树。

二、[意义一致原则]

指主谓一致取决于主语的其实际意义。(有的主语名词在形式上是单数, 但在意义上却是复数;有

的主语名词在形式上是复数, 但在意义上却是单数。)

不定代词all, more, some, any, none作主语,谓语动词视情况而定。

All of the apples ____rotten.

所有的苹果都烂了。

All of the apple ____rotten.

整个苹果都烂了。

None of the money_____ left.

没有剩下一点钱。

None of the students _____ there.

没有学生在那里。

2. the rest of; half of; part of; majority of; percent of; one third of在句子中加名词作主语的时候,<谓语动词与of后面的名词保持一致>。

Half of the students _____finished their composition. 一半的学生已经完成了他们的作文

Half of the apple ____bad.

一半的苹果坏了。

About 60 percent of the students in our school ____boys. 我们学校, 大约百分之六十的学生是男生.

3. 集合名词作主语, 动词可用单数, 也可以用复数。主要由句子的意思决定。强调整体谓语动词用单数;指全体人员时, 动词则用复数。这一类常见的集合名词有public, family, class, crowd, population, team, group。

His family ____going out.

他们全家要外出。

His family ____all music lovers.

他们全家人都是音乐爱好者。

4. 某些名词如people, police, cattle等,形式上是单数, 但意义上是复数, 谓语动词应用复数。people指“民族”时是例外。

The police are searching for a thief.

The cattle are eating grass on the hill.

5. 复合不定代词作主语, 谓语动词要用单数,如someone ,somebody, something, anybody, anyone, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing。

Someone is asking for you.

有人找你。

Nothing is found in the room.

在屋子里什么也没找到。

一些有两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数形式,例如:glasses, clothes, trousers, shoes, compasses, chopsticks, scissors等。但如果主语用“a kind of, a pair of , a series of等加名词”构成时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。

如:

The pair of shoes is worn out.

这双鞋破了。

The shoes are worn out.

鞋子破了。

7.某些名词以s结尾如maths, politics, physics, news, plastics 等,谓语动词应用单数。

Physics is a very interesting subject. 物理是一门很有趣的学科。

如:

不定代词each, every, no所修饰的名词<即使以and或逗号连接成多主语时>,谓语动词仍用单数形式。every... and every ...; each ... and each ...; no ... and no ... 在以上短语中and连接的单数名词, 整个短语在句中作主语时, 谓语动词常使用单数。

Each boy and each girl wants to go to the cinema.

Each man and each woman is asked to attend.

Every boy and every girl in the class is diligent. 班级中的每个男孩女孩都很用功。

No sound and no voice is heard. 听不到任何声音。

9. 以a number of 作主语时, 谓语动词用复数; 以the number of 作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。

A number of new books are on the desk.

The number of students in you class is 50.

10. 有些名词的单数和复数形式一样, 作主语的时候, 其谓语动词由上下文决定, 这一类名词有: means, works, deer, fish, sheep, Chinese, Japanese等。

Not every means is useful.

不是每种方法都好使。

Not all means are useful.

不是所有的方法都好使。

11.如果主语有more than one很多 非常?或many a许多??构成,one and a half与单数名词组成的短语。尽管从意义上看是复数内容,但它的谓语动词仍用单数形式。

如:

More than one student has read the book.

Many a girl has been there.

但是,“more +复数名词+than one”结构之后,谓语动词一般多用复数形式。

如:

More members than one are against your plan.

A pair of shoes was on the desk.

Many a boy has seen it. 许多孩子都看到了。

12. 书刊名、时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的复数名词作主语时, 谓语动词常用单数。

Thirty years is not a long time. Roots is a famous American novel.

三、[就近原则]

either ... or; neither ... nor; not only ... but also, whether...or在句子中连接主语的时候或者在there be句型中,谓语动词要和就近的主语保持一致。

Neither you nor I am wrong.

There is a cup of tea and some apples

on the table.

Not only the students but also the teacher wishes for a holiday.

[注意事项]

this kind of book = a book of this kind (这种书) , 其谓语用单数; 短语this kind of men = men of this kind = these kind of men (口语) (这一类人), 但this kind of men 的谓语用单数, men of this kind 和these kind of men 的谓语用复数, all kinds of 后跟复数名词, 谓语用复数形式。

例如:

This kind of men is dangerous.

Men of this kind are dangerous.

2. 在主谓倒装的句子中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。例如:

Between the two windows hangs a picture.

3. “分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语以及由“ a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of, a heap of, heaps of, half of + 名词”构成的短语作主语时,其谓语动词要与短语中of 后面的名词的数保持一致,这是因为短语中后面的名词是中心词,而短语中前面的量词是修饰语。例如:

Lots of damage was caused by fire.

About three-fourths of the earth’s surface is covered with water.

Three-fifths of the workers here are women.

和这种情况类似的还有“a number of + 名词复数”。但是“,the number of + 名词”的中心词却是number。试比较:

A number of students have gone to the countryside to help with the autumn harvest.

The number of pages in this book is two hundred.

a (large) quantity of 修饰可数或不可数名词, 其短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数。

A large quantity of people is needed here.

quantities of 修饰可数或不可数名词,其短语作主语时,谓语动词一般用复数。

例如:

Quantities of food (nuts) were on the table.

短语in quantity, in large quantities 意为 “大量”; in small quantities 意为“少量”。

4. a great deal of, a large amount of, 修饰不可数名词, 其短语作主语时, 谓语动词通常用单数; large amounts of 修饰不可数名词, 其短语作主语时, 谓语动词通常用复数。例如:

5. 表示数量的one and a half 后, 名词要用复数形式, 但是其短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。 例如:

One and a half bananas is left on the table.

. 6.单复数同形的名词作主语时,依照意义一致的原则,表示单数意义时,谓语用单数;反之,谓语用复数形式。这类名词有:sheep, deer, means(方法、手段),works(工厂),species(种类)

7.在主谓倒装的句子中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如:

Between the two windows hangs a picture.

篇三:高中语法讲解:主谓一致

高中语法讲解:主谓一致

在英语句子里,谓语受主语支配,其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这就叫主谓一致。寻其规律,大致可归纳为三个原则,即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致原则。

一、语法一致原则

语法上一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。

1.以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式;主语为复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。如:

Hisfatherisworkingonthefarm./TostudyEnglishwellisnoteasy./Whathesaidisveryimportantforusall./Thechildrenwereintheclassroomtwohoursago./Readinginthesunisbadforyoureyes.

注意:由what引导的主语从句,后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式,但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时,主句的谓语动词用复数形式。如:

WhatIboughtwerethreeEnglishbooks./WhatIsayanddois(are)

helpfultoyou.

2.由连接词and或both……and连接起来的合成主语后面,要用复数形式的谓语动词。如:

LucyandLilyaretwins./SheandIareclassmates./Theboyandthegirlweresurprisedwhentheyheardthenews./BothsheandheareYoungPioneers.

注意:(1)若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时,它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。如:Thewriterandartisthascome.(2)由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no,each,everymorethana(an),manya(an)修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。如:

Everystudentandeveryteacherwasintheroom./Noboyandnogirllikesit.

3.主语为单数名词或代词,尽管后面跟有with,togetherwith,except,but,like,aswellas,ratherthan,morethan,nolessthan,besides,

including等引起的短语,谓语动词仍用单数形式;若主语为复数,谓语用复数形式。如:Mr.Green,togetherwithhiswifeandchildren,

hascometoChina./NobodybutJimandMikewasontheplayground./She,likeyouandTom,isverytall.

4.either,neither,each,every或no+单数名词和由some,any,no,every构成的复合不定代词,都作单数看待。如:

Eachofushasanewbook./Everythingaroundusismatter.

注意:(1)在口语中当either或neither后跟有“of+复数名词(或代词)”作主语时,其谓语动词也可用复数。如:Neitherofthetextsis(are)interesting.

(2)若noneof后面的名词是不可数名词,它的谓语动词就要用单数;若它后面的名词是复数,它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。如:Noneofushas(have)beentoAmerica.

5.在定语从句时,关系代词that,who,which等作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。如:

Heisoneofmyfriendswhoareworkinghard./Heistheonlyoneofmyfriendswhoisworkinghard.

6.如果集体名词指的是整个集体,它的谓语动词用单数;如果它指集体的成员,其谓语动词就用复数形式。这些词有family,class,crowd,committee,population,audience等。如:

ClassFourisonthethirdfloor./ClassFourareunabletoagreeuponamonitor.

注意:people,police,cattle等名词一般都用作复数。如:

Thepolicearelookingforthelostchild.

7.由“alotof,lotsof,plentyof,therestof,themajorityof+名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语作主语,其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。如:

Therearealotofpeopleintheclassroom./Therestofthelectureiswonderful./50%ofthestudentsinourclassaregirls.

注意:anumberof“许多”,作定语修饰复数名词,谓语用复数;

thenumberof“……的数量”,主语是number,谓语用单数。

8.在倒装句中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如:

Therecomesthebus./Onthewallaremanypictures./Suchistheresult./Sucharethefacts.

二、逻辑意义一致原则

逻辑意义一致就是谓语动词的数必须和主语的意义一致(因有时主语形式为单数,但意义为复数;有时形式为复数,但意义为单数)。

1.what,who,which,any,more,all等代词可以是单数,也可是复数,主要靠意思来决定。如:Whichisyourbag?/Whichareyourbags?/Allisgoingwell./AllhavegonetoBeijing.

2.表示“时间、重量、长度、价值”等的名词的复数作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数形式,这是由于作主语的名词在概念上是一个整体,如:

Thirtyminutesisenoughforthework.

3.若英语是书名、片名、格言、剧名、报名、国名等的复数形式,其谓语动词通常用单数形式。如:“TheArabianNights”isaninterestingstory-book.

4.表数量的短语“oneandahalf”后接复数名词作主语时,其谓语动词可用单数形式(也可用复数。如:Oneandahalfapplesis(are)leftonthetable.

5.算式中表示数目(字)的主语通常作单数看待,其谓语动词采用单数形式。如:Twelvepluseightistwenty./Fifty-sixdividedbyeightisseven.

6.一些学科名词是以–ics结尾,如:mathematics,politics,physics以及news,works等,都属于形式上是复数的名词,实际意义为单数名词,它们作主语时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。如:

Thepaperworkswasbuiltin1990./Ithinkphysicsisn?teasytostudy.

7.trousers,glasses,clothes,shoes,等词作主语时,谓语用复数,但如果这些名词前有a(the)pairof等量词修饰时,谓语动词用单数。如:Myglassesarebroken./Thepairofshoesunderthebedishis.

8.“定冠词the+形容词或分词”,表示某一类人时,动词用复数。

三、就近一致原则

在英语句子中,有时谓语动词的人称和数与最近的主语保持一致。

1.当两个主语由either……or,neither……nor,whether……or……,notonly……butalso连接时,谓语动词和邻近的主语一致。如:

Eithertheteacherorthestudentsareourfriends./Neithertheynorheiswhollyright./Isneitherhenortheywhollyright?

2.therebe句型be动词单复数取决于其后的主语。如果其后是由and连接的两个主语,则应与靠近的那个主语保持一致。如:

Therearetwochairsandadeskintheroom.

注意:Here引导的句子用法同上。


语法讲解:主谓一致》出自:百味书屋
链接地址:http://www.850500.com/news/95180.html
转载请保留,谢谢!
查看更多相关内容>>语法讲解:主谓一致
相关文章
  • 语法讲解:主谓一致

    主谓一致英语语法详细讲解主谓一致英语中,主语的单复数形式决定谓语动词的单复数形式。主谓一致必须遵循以下三条原则:语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。根据这三条原...

推荐范文