篇一：2016年全国卷英语分析——阅读理解和完形填空
2016年高考英语课标I卷阅读理解、完形填空精要解析
从总体上看，2016年高考英语试卷难度略有提升，过度较为平稳。试题重点突出，命题思路清晰，重视对思维能力和文化素质的考查，重点考查英语运用能力。
阅读理解与前几年的出题思路一致。话题贴近学生生活，可读性强。从体裁上看，稍有变化。几乎年年出现的应用文今年没有考查。从题目上来看，细节题居多。15道阅读题里，1道主旨大意题，1道词义猜测题，2道推理判断题，11道事实细节题。七选五秉承一贯特色，选用了说明文，结构清晰。
完形填空选自国外网站的一篇文章。体裁依然是多年的夹叙夹议。从题目上来看，文章内容看似简单，但选项中“陷阱”重重。比如第41题应选择C选项traveling，但是很多学生选择了B选项touring，这体现出学生对一些基本词汇的深层含义的掌握是有欠缺的。
维克多英语编辑部认真研究2016年高考英语全国课标I卷，并对阅读理解的每篇文章和完形填空做了详尽的分析，包括语篇的话题、体裁、词数、难度、难点词、搭配、长难句等，并首次运用图式理论从关键词、背景、结构、内容、百科知识的角度分析了语篇，在答案解析部分呈现。
试卷导航
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?
Jane Addams (1860-1935)
Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community (社区) by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.
Rachel Carson (1907-1964)
If it weren’t for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans.
Sandra Day O’Connor (1930-present)
When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator (参议
员) and, in 1981, the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. O’Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.
Rosa Parks (1913-2005)
On December 1, 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in,” said Parks.
21. What is Jane Addams noted for in history?
A. Her social work. B. Her teaching skills.
C. Her efforts to win a prize.D. Her community background.
22. What was the reason for O’Connor’s being rejected by the law firm?
A. Her lack of proper training in law.B. Her little work experience in court.
C. The discrimination against women. D. The poor financial conditions.
23. Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the U.S.?
A. Jane Addams.B. Rachel Carson.
C. Sandra Day O’Connor. D. Rosa Parks.
24. What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?
A. They are highly educated. B. They are truly creative.
C. They are pioneers. D. They are peace-lovers.
B
Grandparents Answer a Call
As a third-generation native of Brownsville, Texas, Mildred Garza never planned to move away. Even when her daughter and son asked her to move to San Antonio to help with their children, she politely refused. Only after a year of friendly discussion did Ms. Garza finally say yes. That was four years ago. Today all three generations regard the move as a success, giving them a closer relationship than they would have had in separate cities.
No statistics show the number of grandparents like Garza who are moving closer to adult children and grandchildren. Yet there is evidence suggesting that the trend is growing. Even President Obama’s mother-in-law, Marian Robinson, has agreed to leave Chicago and move into the White House to help care for her granddaughters. According to a study by grandparents.com, 83 percent of the people said Mrs. Robinson’s decision will influence grandparents in the American family. Two-thirds believe more families will follow the example of Obama’s family.
“In the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldn’t get away from home far enough or fast enough to prove we could do it on our own,” says Christine Crosby, publisher of Grand, a magazine for grandparents. “We now realize how important family is and how important it is to be near them, especially when you’re raising children.”
Moving is not for everyone. Almost every grandparent wants to be with his or her grandchildren and is willing to make sacrifices, but sometimes it is wiser to say no and visit frequently instead. Having your grandchildren far away is hard, especially knowing your adult child is struggling, but giving up the life you know may be harder.
25. Why was Garza’s move a success?
A. It strengthened her family ties. B. It improved her living conditions.
C. It enabled her to make more friends. D. It helped her know more new places.
26. What was the reaction of the public to Mrs. Robinson’s decision？
A. 17% expressed their support for it.B. Few people responded sympathetically.
C. 83% believed it had a bad influence. D. The majority thought it was a trend.
27. What did Crosby say about people in the 1960s?
A. They were unsure of themselves.
B. They were eager to raise more children.
C. They wanted to live away from their parents.
D. They had little respect for their grandparents.
28. What does the author suggest the grandparents do in the last paragraph?
A. Make decisions in the best interests of their own.
B. Ask their children to pay more visits to them.
C. Sacrifice for their struggling children.
D. Get to know themselves better.
C . Since March 2012, I’ve done 89 trips — of those, 51 have been abroad. I have 42 hours to carry stem cells (干细胞) in my little box because I’ve got two ice packs and that’s how long they last. In all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor (捐献者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient, we’ve got 72 hours at most. So I am always conscious of time.
I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America. I picked up the stem cells in Providence, Rhode Island, and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London. But when I arrived at the check-in desk at Providence, the lady on the desk said: “Well, I’m really sorry, I’ve got some bad news for you — there are no flights from Washington.” So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said: “In this box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patient — please, please, you’ve got to get me back to the United Kingdom.” She just dropped everything. She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me, re-routed (改道) me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled.
For this courier job, you’re consciously aware that in that box you’ve got something that is potentially going to save somebody’s life.
29. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “courier” in Paragraph 1?
A. provider B. delivery man C. collectorD. medical doctor
30. Why does Peter have to complete his trip within 42 hours?
A. He cannot stay away from his job too long. B. The donor can only wait for that long.
C. The operation needs that much time.D. The ice won’t last any longer.
31. Which flight did the woman put Peter on first?
A. To London.B. To Newark.C. To Providence. D. To Washington.
D
The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, uneasiness, or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap (间隙) with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person’s needs.
Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one
of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be implied (暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.
Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.
Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient’s silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing (治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.
32. What does the author say about silence in conversations?
A. It implies anger. B. It promotes friendship.
C. It is culture-specific. D. It is content-based.
33. Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought?
A. The Chinese.B. The French. C. The Mexicans. D. The Russians.
34. What does the author advise nurses to do about silence?
A. Let it continue as the patient pleases. B. Break it while treating patients.
C. Evaluate its harm to patients. D. Make use of its healing effects.
35. What may be the best title for the text?
A. Sound and SilenceB. What It Means to Be Silent
C. Silence to Native Americans D. Speech Is Silver, Silence Is Gold
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Secret codes (密码) keep messages private. Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.
People have used secret codes for thousands of years. Code breaking never lags (落后) far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.
There are three main types of cryptography. For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” spell out the hidden message “Meet me.”
You might represent each letter with a number, for example. Let’s number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message “Meet me” would read “13 5 5 20 13 5.”
A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. For example, “bridge” might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The message “Bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.”However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.
A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book.
B. In any language, some letters are used more than others.
C. Only people who know the keyword can read the message.
D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.
E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.
F. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.
G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A Heroic Driver
Larry works with Transport Drivers, Inc. One morning in 2009, Larry was along I65 north after delivering to one of his he got closer, he found vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed shooting out from under the vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and the fire extinguisher (灭火器). Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.
The man who had his bright lights on and told Larry he had an emergency call. They heard a woman’s voice coming from the wrecked (毁坏的) vehicle. the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay until the emergency personnel arrived, she thought the car was going to told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move she injured her neck.
Once fire and emergency people arrived, Larry and the other man and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the if he was needed or to go. They let him and the other man go.
One thing is — Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! His most likely saved the woman’s life.
41. A. walking B. touring C. traveling D. rushing
42. A. passengersB. colleagues C. employersD. customers
43. A. Since B. Although C. As D. If
44. A. each B. anotherC. thatD. his
45. A. flamesB. smoke C. water D. steam
46. A. used B. disabledC. removed D. abandoned
47. A. got hold ofB. preparedC. took charge ofD. controlled
48. A. came down B. came throughC. came in D. came over
49. A. returned B. received C. made D. confirmed
50. A. then B. again C. finallyD. even
51. A. Starting B. Parking C. PassingD. Approaching
52. A. quiet B. still C. awayD. calm
53. A. forB. soC. and D. but
54. A. explode B. slip awayC. fall apartD. crash
55. A. as if B. unless C. in case D. after
56. A. stepped forward B. backed off C. moved on D. set out
篇二：2016年专四英语阅读练习(含答案)
（一） People have been painting pictures for at least30,000 years. The earliest pictures were painted bypeople who hunted animals. They used to paintpictures of the animals they wanted to catch and kill.Pictures of this kind have been found on the walls ofcaves in France and Spain. No one knows why theywere painted there. Perhaps the painters thoughtthat their pictures would help them to catch theseanimals. Or perhaps human beings have always wanted to tell stories in pictures. About 5,000 years ago, the Egyptians and other people in the Near East began to use picturesas kind of writing. They drew simple pictures or signs to represent things and ideas, and also torepresent the sounds of their language. The signs these people used became a kind ofalphabet.The Egyptians used to record information and to tell stories by putting picture writingand pictures together. When an important person died, scenes and stories from his life werepainted and carved on the walls of the place where he was buried. Some of these pictures arelike modern comic strip stories. It has been said that Egypt is the home of the comic strip.But, for the Egyptians, pictures still had magic power. So they did not try to make their way ofwriting simple. The ordinary people could not understand it. By the year 1,000 BC, people who lived in the area around the Mediterranean Sea haddeveloped a simpler system of writing. The signs they used were very easy to write, and therewere fewer of them than in the Egyptian system. This was because each sign, or letter,represented only one sound in their language. The Greeks developed this system and formedthe letters of the Greek alphabet. The Romans copied the idea, and the Roman alphabet isnow used all over the world. These days, we can write down a story, or record information, without using pictures. But westill need pictures of all kinds: drawing, photographs, signs and diagrams. We find themeverywhere: in books and newspapers, in the street, and on the walls of the places where welive and work. Pictures help us to understand and remember things more easily, and they canmake a story much more interesting.? 1. Pictures of animals were painted on the walls of caves in France and Spain because ?___ ___?.?
A. the hunters wanted to see the pictures?
B. the painters were animal lovers?
C. the painters wanted to show imagination?
D. the pictures were thought to be helpful?
2. The Greek alphabet was simpler than the Egyptian system for all the following reasonsEXCEPT that ?______.
A. the former was easy to write?
B. there were fewer signs in the former?
C. the former was easy to pronounce?
D. each sign stood for only one sound?
3. Which of the following statements is TRUE??
A. The Egyptian signs later became a particular alphabet.?
B. The Egyptians liked to write comic?strip stories.?
C. The Roman alphabet was developed from the Egyptian one.?
D. The Greeks copied their writing system from the Egyptians.?
4. In the last paragraph, the author thinks that pictures ?______?.?
A. should be made comprehensible?
B. should be made interesting?
C. are of much use in our life?
D. have disappeared from our life
参考答案：
1. D) 根据文章第一段第五行
“Perhaps the paintersthought that their pictures would help them to catchthese animals.”可知古代人以为在墙上画画会对他们有所帮助，故选项D为正确答案。?
2. C) 在做此类题时要注意题干的要求。通过阅读文章第四段很清楚就知道选项C “前者容易发音”在文中没有提及，故为正确答案。?
3. A) 可用排除法来做本题。通过阅读文章很清楚选项B和D为错误陈述。
选项C “罗马字母是从埃及字母发展而来的”根据文章第四段第四，五句可知为错误论述，因此只有选项A为正确答案。
4. C) 文章最后一段讲述了图画在今天的用途，故选项C为正确答案。 （二）
As the merchant class expanded in the eighteenth?century North American Colonies, the silversmithand the coppersmith businesses rose to serve it.Only a few silversmiths were available in New Yorkor Boston in the late seventeenth century, but in theeighteenth century they could be found in all majorcolonial cities. No other colonial artisans rivaled thesilversmiths’ prestige. They handled the mostexpensive materials and possessed direct connections to prosperous colonial merchants. Theirproducts, primarily silver plates and bowls, reflected their exalted status and testified to theircustomers’ prominence. Silver stood as one of the surest ways to store wealth at a time beforeneighborhood banks existed. Unlike the silver coins from which they were made, silver articleswere readily identifiable. Often formed to individual specifications, they always carried thesilversmith’s distinctive markings and consequently could be traced and retrieved.Customers generally secure the silver for the silver object they ordered. They saved coins, tookthem to smiths, and discussed the type of pieces they desired. Silversmiths complied with theserequests by melting the money in a small furnace, adding a bit of copper to form a strongeralloy, and casting the alloy in rectangular blocks. They hammered these ingots to theappropriate thickness by hand, shaped them and pressed designs into them for adornment.Engraving was also done by hand. In addition to plates and bowls, some customers soughtmore intricate products, such as silver teapots. These were made by shaping or casting partsseparately and then soldering them together. Colonial coppersmithing also come of age in theearly eighteenth century and prospered in northern cities. Copper’s ability to conduct heatefficiently and to resist corrosion contributed to its attractiveness. But because it wasexpensive in colonial America, coppersmiths were never very numerous. Virtually all copperworked by Smiths was imported as sheets or obtained by recycling old copper goods. Copperwas used for practical items, but it was not admired for its beauty. Coppersmiths employed it tofashion pots and kettles for the home. They shaped it in much the same manner a
s silver ormelted it in a foundry with lead or tin. They also mixed it with zinc to make brass for maritimeand scientific instruments.?
1.According to the passage, which of the following eighteenth century developments had strongimpact on silversmiths? ?
A. A decrease in the cost of silver. ?
B. The invention of heat efficient furnaces. ?
C. The growing economic prosperity of colonial merchants. ?
D. The development of new tools used to shape silver. ?
2.In colonial America, where did silversmiths usually obtain the material to make silver articles? ?
A. From their own mines. ?
B. From importers. ?
C. From other silversmiths. ?
D. From customers.
3.The passage mentions all of the following as uses for copper in Colonial America EXCEPT ?______?.?
A. cooking pots ?
B. scientific instruments ?
C. musical instruments ?
D. maritime instruments
4.According to the passage, silversmiths and coppersmiths in colonial America were similar inwhich of the following ways? ?
A. The amount of social prestige they had.?
B. The way they shaped the they worked with. ?
C. The cost of the goods they made. ?
D. The practicality of the goods they made.
参考答案：
1. C) 根据文章第一句
“As the merchant classexpanded in the eighteenth?century North AmericanColonies,...”可知，随着在十八世纪的北美殖民地商人阶级膨胀起来，也就是说那时的商人财富有了很大的发展，银匠铜匠们有机会发挥他们的专长了，这与选项C正好相符。?
2. D) 根据文章第十四、五行
“Customers generallysecures …object they ordered. They saved coins, took them to smiths, and...”可知顾客要做银器，首先要积攒银币，然后拿到银匠处加工成他们想要的形状。选项D“来自客户”与之相符。 3. C) 文章末尾在提到铜的用途时惟独没有提到乐器。?
4. B) 根据文章倒数第四行“They shaped it in much the same manner as silver or melted it in afoundry with lead or tin.”可知银匠和铜匠在银器和铜器的塑型方式上是一样的，故选项B为正确答案。
（三）
? Nature's Gigantic Snow Plough
On January 10,
1962, an enormous piece of glacierbroke away and tumbled down the side of amountain in Peru. A mere seven minutes later, whencascading ice finally came to a stop ten miles downthe mountain, it had taken the lives of 4,000 people.
This disaster is one of the most“devastating”examples of a very common event: an avalanche of snow or ice. Because it isextremely cold at very high altitudes, snow rarely melts. It just keeps piling up higher andhigher. Glaciers are eventually created when the weight of the snow is so great that the lowerlayers are pressed into solid ice. But most avalanches occur long before this happens. As snowaccumulates on a steep slope, it reaches a critical point at which the slightest vibration willsend it sliding into the valley below.
Even an avalanche of light power can be dangerous, but the Peruvian catastrophe wasparticularly terrible because it was caused by a heavy layer of ice. It is estimated that the icethat broke off weighed three million tons. As it crashed down the steep mountainside like agigantic snow plough, it swept up tr
篇三：2016年英语阅读理解及答案训练1
Physical Fitness
Physical fitness is today’s hot topic. And wherever you turn, you hear something new. But is it all true?
The more you sweat, the more fat you burn. This myth has encouraged people to work out in extreme heat or wear layers of clothes or rubber or plastic weight-loss suits in the hope of sweating fat off. Unfortunately, it’s water they’re losing, not fat. When you first begin to exercise, you burn carbohydrates or sugars. To burn the fat, plan on working out at least 40 minutes.
No pains, no gains. Many people tend to overdo (过度)their exercise programs looking for quick results. Doing so, however, may result in your injury or sore (疼痛的)muscles. Your best bet is to start any exercise program slowly and gradually increase the workout. This gives people a good beginning without the pain or injury.Exercise increases appetite. This is true for hard or intense (剧烈的) exercise that lasts for 60 minutes or longer. Gentle exercise that is less than 60 minutes, however, will probably reduce your appetite for one to two hours. Exercise always lowers blood sugar.
You can get fit in 10 minutes a week. This and similar claims are common, but untrue. There are no shortcuts to getting fit. Becoming fit takes work and the general rule is 20 minutes of aerobic activity(有氧运动) three times a week. Consistency is the key. If you stop working out, your muscles will turn to fat. If you decrease your activity and continue to eat the same or more, you may gain back the fat that you worked so hard to lose. It’s not, however, because your muscles turned to fat. Muscles may atrophy (萎缩), but they won’t turn to fat. Muscle is muscle and fat is fat.
1.If you work out less than 40 minutes, you are actually losing
A.fat.
B.water.
C.muscles.
D.plastics.
正确答案:B
解析:问题问的是：如果你健身少于40分钟，你其实在消耗什么?由第二段可知，少于40分钟的运动消耗的其实是水分，而不是脂肪。
2.Paragraph 3 suggests people that
A.they overdo exercise at the very beginning and slow down gradually.
B.they not do exercise to avoid injury.
C.they start slowly and gradually increase the workout.
D.ignore the injury and sore muscle and persevere in doing the exercise.正确答案:C
解析:问题问的是：第三段建议人们如何运动?推理判断题。第三段提到运动最好是开始慢些，渐渐增加运动量。
3.Which statement is NOT true according to Paragraph 4
A.Doing intense exercise for 60 minutes or more increases appetite.
B.Doing gentle exercise for much more than 60 minute might increase appetite.
C.Doing gentle exercise for less than 60 minutes will probably reduce appetite.
D.Doing gentle exercise for less than 60 minutes will not lower blood sugar.正确答案:D
解析:问题问的是：根据第四段哪个说法不正确?第四段结尾提到任何运动都会降低血糖。D运动60分钟以下不会降低血糖错误。
4.The writer believes that
A.one can get fit in ten minutes a week.
B.there is no shortcuts to getting fit.
C.if one is consistent, he/she will find the shortcut to getting fit.
D.one must have a job if he/she wants to get fit.
正确答案:B
解析:问题问的是：作者相信什么?倒数第二段结尾提到B的说法“减肥没有捷径”。
5.If you decrease your activity and continue to eat the same or more
A.your muscles may become smaller.
B.your muscles become fat.
C.you will put on muscles.
D.nothing changes at all.
正确答案:A
解析:问题问的是：减少运动，但继续保持或增加食量会怎样?最后一段可知A肌肉会变小正确。B肌肉会变成脂肪;C肌肉会增加;D没有变化。这几项都不正确。
《2016年GCT英语阅读理解答案及解析》出自：百味书屋
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