篇一：试题调研2016新课标全国卷1模拟试卷
2016新课标全国卷1模拟试卷
安徽省蚌埠二中 蒋红年
邮箱：jhn19807819@163.com 邮编：233400
第1卷
7. NA表示阿伏伽德罗常数的值。下列说法正确的是（）
A．标准状况下，2.24LNH3和CH4的混合气体中所含电子数为2NA
B．1L0.1mol/LCH3COOH溶液中含有的离子和分子总数是0.1NA
C．等物质的量的干冰和葡萄糖中所含碳原子数之比为1:6，氧原子数之比为1:3
D．0.1molNa2O2晶体中阴、阳离子总数为0.4NA
答案：C
解析：
A:每个NH3和CH4分子中均含有10个电子，所以标准状况下，2.24LNH3和CH4的混合气 体即为1mol,所含电子数为NA。所以错误。
B: CH3COOH溶液中除了有醋酸分子外还含有水分子，所以1L0.1mol/LCH3COOH溶液中含有的离子和分子总数要远远大于0.1NA。所以错误。
C: 干冰即二氧化碳分子式为CO2,葡萄糖分子式为C6H12O6，所以等物质的量的干冰和葡萄糖中所含碳原子数之比为1:6，氧原子数之比为1:3。所以C正确。
D: Na2O2晶体中阴、阳离子分别为Na+和O22-(过氧根离子)，所以0.1molNa2O2晶体中阴、阳离子总数为0.3NA。所以D错误。
8..汽车在剧烈碰撞时，安全气囊中发生的反应为：10NaN3+2KNO3=K2O+5Na2O+16N2↑，
下列关于该反应的说法正确的是（）
A．22.4L N2中σ键与π键个数比为1:2
B．反应物和生成物中只有氮气属于非电解质
C．该反应每转移1mol电子，生成氮气35.84L
D．NaN3是只含有离子键的离子化合物
答案A
解析：
A氮气分子中存在氮氮三键，不论氮气多少,氮分子中σ键与π键个数比为1:2,所以A
正确；
B中氮气属于单质，所以既不是电解质也不是非电解质；所以错误。
C中没有标准状况；所以错误。
D中钠和氮之间是离子键，氮和氮之间是共价键。所以错误。
9．X、Y、Z、W、Q是原子序数依次增大的五种短周期主族元素。其中只有Z是金属，W的单质是黄色固体，X、Y、W在周期表中的相对位置关系如图。下列说法正确的是（）
A．五种元素中，原子半径最大的是W
B．Y的简单阴离子比W的简单阴离子还原性强
C．Y与Z形成的化合物都可以和盐酸反应
D．Z与Q形成的化合物水溶液一定显酸性
答案：C
解析：
由题意可知，X、Y、Z、W、Q分别为C、O、Na或Mg或Al、S、Cl。
A：Z为第三周期元素，电子层数最多，故半径最大。故A错误。
B:Y的单质比W的单子氧化性强，所以Y的简单阴离子比W的简单阴离子还原性弱。故B错误。 C: Y、Z形成的化合物有Na2O和Na2O2，二者均可以和盐酸反应。故C正确。
D: Z、Q形成的化合物为Na Cl，溶液呈中性。故D错误。
10、下列实验装置图能实现对应的实验目的的是
图1 图2图3 图4
A．利用图1除去Cl2中的HCl B．利用图2由45°白酒制无水乙醇
C．利用图3检验产物中含有乙烯 D．图4是研究温度对NO2和N2O4平衡的影响
答案：.D
解析:
A:除去Cl2中的HCl用饱和的NaCl溶液，A选项错误。
B:白酒通过蒸馏只能得到大约96%的乙醇溶液，不能制得无水乙醇，B选项错误。
C:溴乙烷与NaOH乙醇加热制得的乙烯混有乙醇，乙醇也可使酸性KMnO4溶液褪色，必须通过水洗后，再用酸性KMnO4溶液检验，C选项错误。 D项，反应NO2?N2O4△H＜0，若升高温度平衡逆向移动混合气体颜色加深，若降低温度平衡正向移动，混合气体颜色变浅，正确。
11.某烃的衍生物
A
，分子式为
C
6H12O2。实验表明A跟氢氧化钠溶液共热生成B和C，
B
跟盐酸反应生成有机物D，C在铜催化和加热条件下氧化为E，D和E属于不同类别的物质，
其中D不能发生银镜反应而E能发生银镜反应。由此判断A的可能结构有（ ）
A．6种B．7种 C．8种D．9种
答案：D
解析：由题可知A为酯，D为酸C为醇E为醛。由于D不能发生银镜反应所以不是甲酸，若D是乙酸则E为丁醛，丁醛有2种，此时A有2种；若D是丙酸则E为丙醛，丙醛有1种，此时A有1种；若D是丁酸则E为乙醛，丁酸有2种，乙醛有1种，此时A有2种；若D为戊酸则E为甲醛，戊酸有4种，甲醛有1种，所以此时A有4种。所以符合条件的A共有2+1+2+4=9.
12.下列图示与对应的叙述相符的是（）
A．图1表示反应2NO(g)+2CO(g)
B．图2中表示反应2A(g) + B(g)N2(g)+2CO2(g)平衡常数K 随NO物质的量的变化 2C(g) ΔH > 0的平衡常数K随温度的变化
3C(g)+D(s)的影响，乙的压强比甲的压强小 C．图3表示压强对可逆反应2A(g)+2B(g)
D．据图4，若除去CuSO4溶液中的Fe3+可向溶液中加入适量CuO至pH在5-6左右
答案：A
解析：
A:平衡常数只和温度有关，故A选项正确；
B: ΔH > 0,该反应正方向为吸热反应，故正反应K值随温度升高而增大，逆反应K值随温度升高而减小；所以错误。
C：该反应中D物质为固态，正反应为体积减小的反应，增大压强时平衡正向移动，反应物的含量下降，乙压强下反应物百分含量减小所以压强大；故C错误。
D: 若除去CuSO4溶液中的Fe3+,就要求Fe3+沉淀完时Cu2+不沉淀，由图4可知pH在5-6左右Cu2+已有大量沉淀，故D选项错。
HOCH
COOH13.酒石酸(HOCOOH)
是一种存在于葡萄等水果中的有机
酸。已知酒石酸在溶液中的微粒浓度和溶液pH的关系如图所示（图中酒石酸用H2T表示）。为测定某果汁中酒石酸的含量（果汁中不含其它酸），小明在实验室中用0.1mol/L NaOH溶液对果汁（取样20mL）进行滴定。利用传感器技术，测得滴加40mLNaOH溶液时达到滴定终点。下列有关说法正确的是
A．果汁中酒石酸的浓度为1×10-3 mol/L
B．滴加NaOH溶液10mL，溶液中存在c(Na+)= 2c(H2T) +2 c(HT—) +2 c(T 2—)
C．滴加NaOH溶液40mL，溶液中存在c(OH-)= 2c(H2T) + c(HT—) +c(H+)
D．滴定过程中生成了NaHT，由于HT—水解使溶液呈碱性
答案：C
解析：
A:滴加NaOH溶液40mL，达到滴定终点，此时恰好完全反应：2NaOH+H2T=Na2T+2H2O，故酒石酸的起始浓度为0.1 mol/L，A错误；
B:滴加NaOH溶液10mL时，NaOH的物质的量为酒石酸的一半，所以溶液中c(Na+)＜ 2c(H2T) +2 c(HT—) +2 c(T 2—)，B错误；
C:滴加NaOH溶液40mL，H2T恰好反应完，此时溶液为Na2T溶液，根据质子守恒可得出c(OH-)= 2c(H2T) + c(HT—) +c(H+)，C正确；
D:由图像中pH变化可知，NaHT溶液呈酸性。这是由于HT—既有电离又有水解，电离使溶液呈酸性，水解使溶液呈碱性，且电离程度比水解程度大，所以最终呈酸性。故D错误。
第2卷
26.（18分）
对溴甲苯是合成农药溴螨酯的重要原料．工业用液溴、甲苯与1-丙醇共热合成对溴甲苯和1-溴丙烷，其原子利用率很高．实验室模拟的合成流程和相关数据如下：
已知：甲苯与溴在有水存在时能反应．
（1）25℃恒温搅拌至溴的颜色完全褪去时完成甲苯的溴代反应。为提高溴的利用率可采取的措施有： __
； ___。加入水的作用是：易于控制温度；____ __。
（2）加热搅拌操作中加入浓硫酸，搅拌，完成1-丙醇的取代反应，加入浓硫酸的作用是__ ____，加热微沸2小时的目的是__ ____。
（3）操作Ⅰ的名称是分液，洗涤操作应在_ ____（填写仪器名称）中进行。该步实验需要经过多步操作，下列图示的操作中，肯定需要的化学操作是________________(选填答案编号)。
（4）有机物的分离操作中，经常需要使用分液漏斗等仪器。使用分液漏斗前必须______ _____，某同学在进行分液操作时，若发现液体流不下来，其可能原因除分液漏斗活塞堵塞外，还有。
（5）分离出的水溶液中含HBr、H2SO4和Fe3+离子，将水溶液稀释定容至1000mL，取20.00mL，加入几滴甲基橙作指示剂，用一定浓度的NaOH溶液滴定，测定出HBr的物质的量明显低于理论值，
原因是 ；有同学认为无需加入指示剂，也能完成滴定，提出这一观点的理由是__ ____． 答案：（1）加入稍过量的苯；及时分离出产物（2分）。 吸收反应生成的溴化氢气体。（2分）
（2）催化剂和吸水剂（1分）；提高氢溴酸和1-丙醇的利用（转化）率；（2分）
（3）分液漏斗（1分）；AB（2分）
（4）检查是否漏水（2分）；
分液漏斗上端玻璃塞未打开或玻璃旋塞上的小孔未与漏斗口的小孔对准。（2分）
（5）溴（溴化氢）挥发没有参加反应（溴与铁反应生成溴化铁）（2分）；
篇二：2016年广州市中考英语试卷真题(电子版)
一、语法选择（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1-15各题所给的A、B、C、D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
In a far-away place, there was a village. The village was___1___ in potatoes than anywhere else in the country. At the end of every growing season, ___2____potatoes were dug out of the ground, and readied for market. In each home, men and women would_____3_____divide the potatoes into three groups, large, medium and small.
One year, there was a young man___4_____received his share of the potatoes. As the other
villagers_____5_____,
he
walked
around
the
village
laughing
and
talking._____6____villagers thought he was lazy, and they worried that this man would never get______7_____potatoes ready in time. When it was time for the villagers____8______to market, they were greatly surprised to find that the man’s potatoes____9____perfectly into three groups.
After _____10____the man how he did it, they understood he was not lazy, ____11____very clever. He had put all his potatoes in a cart and pulled it along the village’s rough dirt road. As the cart moved up and down over the road, the potatoes moved_____12____. The small potatoes moved to the bottom, the larger potatoes rose to the top and the medium potatoes rested___13___ the middle.
Life___14____like this too. The rough roads we travel along can also___15____us. 1. A. rich
B. richer B. busyB. which B. AnB. himB. going B. asked B. andB. alsoB. in
B. areB. help
C. richest
D. more rich D. thousands of D. busier D. whose D. works D. / D. his D. went D. divided D. asks D. but D. neither D. by D. is D. helped
2. A. thousand with B. thousands with3. A. busily4. A. who 6. A. A7. A. he8. A. go
5. A. work
C. thousand of C. whatC. TheC. to goC. askC. or
C. either C. withC. wereC. helps
C. more busilyC. were workingC. himself
B. was working
9. A. are divided10. A. asking 11. A. so 12. A. too 13. A. on
B. were dividedC. are dividing
14. A. has15. A. to help
二、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16-25各题所给的A、B、C、D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When Rebecca was a middle school student, she was often bullied（欺凌）.At that time, she didn’t want to tell others. However, she now thinks people who are bullied should talk about their _____16______.
Rebecca says that many people who are bullied___17____in silence. She says that although she ___18_____heard a lot about bullying when she was in primary school, she never thought it would happen to her.
Rebecca told us that the bullying began when she went to middle school. People started making fun of her for being a ____19_____student and knowing all the answers.
She went on to say that every time she answered a question correctly in class, everyone would start shouting and saying that she was too_____20_____for them.
She told us that by the end of the year, she was very _____21_____about the bullying and became ill. She began to hate school. But ______22_______ she had a friend who could talk to, and they told their head teacher about her problem. She believes that talking to the teacher___23____her a lot. They found ways to deal with the problem, and the bullying finally____24_____.
Her_____25_____is, don’t see yourself as the problem. Nobody should be bullied. But if you don’t tell anyone what is going on, nobody will know that you need help.
16. A. experiences 17. A. sleep18. A. seldom 19. A. bad20. A. clever21. A. pleased 22. A. usually 24. A. started
B. jokes B. laugh B. always B. happy B. slow
C. hobbiesC. suffer C. never C. silent C. noisy
D. studies D. play D. suddenly D. good D. proud D. amazed D. strangely D. helped D. continued D. advice
B. worriedB. controlled B. stoppedB. agreement
C. satisfiedC. excitedC. increasedC. condition
B. interestingly C. luckily
23. A. surprised25. A. problem
三、阅读（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 阅读理解（共20小题：每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下列短文，从26-45各题所给的A.B.C.和D项中选出最佳的选择，并在答
题卡上将该选项涂黑.
(A)
“Save the whales!” That’s what the picture on Jake Smith’s bedroom wall said. Jake liked having a picture that said something important: that showed he cared. He just never expected to get a chance to save a real whale, one right in his own neighbourhood.
It was a Saturday morning when the newspaper first reported the whales’ coming. A group of the animals were swimming close to the beach in Jake’s hometown. All the local people rushed out to the beach to see them. They were expecting a beautiful show, better than a movie, but nothing they’d have to do anything about.
Then one whale swam in the direction, directly towards land. It came in with the waves, and when the waves receded. Its huge body on the sand. Suddenly, Jake and his family and all the others were no longer sightseers. They had to become rescuers. A few people ran towards the animal. They pushed and tried to force the whale back into the water, but it was no use.
An animal rescue service team soon arrived in a truck with heavy lifting machinery, to help move the animal. Jack and his family couldn’t do much on the beach, so they went back to their house and made sandwiches and hot tea for the rescuers. At least, Jake thought, they could help in some way.
Back at the beach, they offered the food to the rescuers and were happy to see that it was needed. It was getting dark. Some people lined up their cars along the beach and shined the headlights on the sand. The rescuers would not give up. After trying many times they were finally able to lift the whale into the water. Everyone cheered when it headed out to sea. It swam out about a mile and then disappeared for a moment under the sea. Then, in what looked like a jump of joy, it rose high above the water—a thank-you to those who had worked so hard to save his life.
26. What does the picture on Jake’s wall tell us about him?
A. He lived near the ocean. B. He cared about the environment. C. He worked as an animal rescuer.
D. He thought whales were the most beautiful animals. A. To swim with the whales B. To help rescue the whales. C. To see the whales swimming. D. To watch a movie about whales.
28. The underlined word “receded” in Paragraph 3 means ________.
27. Why did the local people go down to the beach that morning?
A. didn't move B. went back out C. washed over D. got up
29. How did Jake and his family help save the whale?
A. By calling the rescue service.
B. By asking their neighbours for help. C. By giving the rescuers food and drink. D. By controlling the people on the beach. a. The whale disappeared under the sea. b. People turned on the lights of their cars. c. Rescuers lifted the whale into the water. d. People pushed the whale towards the sea.
B. e-b-c-d-a
C. d-b-e-a-c
(B)
D. a-e-b-d-c
30. In what order did the events of the whale rescue take place?
A. e-d-b-c-a
It may be hard to believe, but the American Revolution(革命)—the war that freed the American states from British control—began over a cup of tea. Tea was not the only thing that caused the war, of course, but it played a very big part.
The British people’s love of tea is well-known. When the British won control over mush of North America in the early 1700s, they brought their tea- drinking habits with them. Tea quickly became the continents most popular drink. As tea could not be grown locally, just as in Britain, it was shipped into the country—mostly from India.
In the early 1700s, the Britain government made a special deal with the East India Company, as an English trading company. They agreed that no other company was allowed to bring tea to Britain or any country controlled by Britain, including America. It was a great deal for the East India Company, since it meant that the company could decide whatever price it wanted for its products. And it always decided on a high price!
In North America, the local people did not like having to pay such high prices. Instead od overpaying for tea from the British, they turned to Dutch traders, who secretly brought tea to the country that was just as good—and much less expensive. Although this broke the law, the American people didn’t care. They got the same cup of tea at a much lower price.
The East India Company, however, didn’t like this at all. By the 1760s, they were losing millions of pounds each year to Dutch traders—a huge amount of money in a time when ￡60 a year was considered a good income. Instead of reducing their prices to compete with the Dutch, the company asked the British government for help and the government agreed.
In 1767, the British introduced new law that increased the prices of all goods which were brought into America. These laws helped make the East India Company even richer and forced local people to pay much more for everything. The American leaders asked the British government not to do so, but the British refused to listen. These unfair laws increased Americans’ anger about British rule and the rest, as they say, is history.
31. In the early 1700s where did most tea drunk in America come from?
A. China
B. India
C. America
D. Britain
32. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refers to________.
A. the tea maker
B. the American government
B. the British government D. the East India Company A. The tea was much cheaper. B. The tea was a lot healthier. C. They could buy it more easily. D. They didn't want to support the British. A. It reduced the price of its tea. `B. It improved the taste of its tea. C. It introduced a new kind of tea. D. It asked the British government for help. A. Tea trade in eighteenth-century America. B. The relationship between America and Britain.
C. A reason for the start of the American Revolutionary War. D. The introduction of British tea-drinking habits into America. (C)
Getting electricity has always been a problem for the 173 people living in Nuevo Saposoa, a small village in Peru, South America. However, things went from bad to worse in March 2015 after heavy rains damaged the only power cables in the area. The villagers were forced to use oil lamps, which are not only expensive but also dangerous because of the harmful gases they produce.
Luckily, researchers at the University of Technology (UT) in Lima, Peru heard about their problem and found a wonderful solution. They made a lamp that can be powered by plants and soil, both of which can be easily found in the Amazonian rainforest where the village lies. The lamp takes energy from a plant growing in a wooden box and uses it to light up an LED light bulb.
While that may sound amazing and even impossible, the science behind the ides is quite simple. As plants create their food (using the sun’s energy, water and chemicals from the soil), they also produce waste which they return to the soil. Tiny animals in the soil eat this waste and they produce electrons – the building blocks of electrical energy. The UT team put special sticks inside the soil to capture the energy and keep it in the lamp’s batteries
33. Why did may Americans begin to buy tea from the Dutch traderfs?
34. What did the East India Company do to stop losing money?
35. What is the passage mainly about?
篇三：试题调研2016名师原创预测卷(二)
《《试题调研》2016版第一辑英语在线试阅读(电子版)》出自：百味书屋
链接地址：http://www.850500.com/news/19856.html
转载请保留,谢谢!