篇一：26.张晴：从弗洛伊德精神分析解读《道林格雷的画像》
从弗洛伊德精神分析解读《道林格雷的画像》
摘要
作为一个著名的诗人、作家和剧作家,王尔德是英语文学的历史唯美主义的
创始人。他的著名文学作品给后代留下了很大的影响。大约在100年前他完成了
《道林·格雷的画像》,至今这本书仍然受到成千上万的读者的欢迎。《道林·格
雷的画像》是由奥斯卡·王尔德写的一个典型的关于自负的故事唯美主义小说。
在这部小说中,作者描述了主人公从纯真善良一步步走向堕落邪恶。很多研究者
就这本小说的唯美主义来讨论。本文试图用弗洛伊德的精神分析这篇小说。根据
弗洛伊德的人格理论- - - 本我,自我,超我。本文将给出了一些小说中的例子来
一一对应理论，旨在挖掘作者的内心世界。
本文由三个部分组成。第一部分介绍了奥斯卡·王尔德的生平和他的作品及
《道林·格雷的画像》的背景。第二部分介绍了弗洛伊德的人格理论的起源和弗
洛伊德的人格理论的相关内容,包括本我,自我,超我。第三部分从弗洛伊德的人
格理论的角度解读了小说《道林·格雷的画像》,这也是本文的主体部分。最后
为文章的结论部分：揭示了作者自己的人格。
关键词：奥斯卡·王尔德；道林·格雷的画像；本我 ；自我； 超我
A Freudian Psychoanalytic Interpretation of The Picture of
Dorian Gray
ABSTRACT
As a famous poet, writer and play writer, Oscar Wilde was also the founder of
aestheticism in history of English literature. His famous literary works have left great
influence on latter generations. The Picture of Dorian Gray was what he had finished
about 100 years ago, it was still welcomed by thousands of readers. The Picture of
Dorian Gray is a typical story about conceit, one of aestheticism novels written by
Oscar Wilde. In this novel, the writer describes how the main character Dorian Gary
changing from a pure young man to an evil man. A lot of researchers discuss this
novel on aestheticism. This paper attempts to analyze this novel on Freud’s
psychoanalysis. According to the theories of Freudian’s personality---id, ego and
superego .This paper gives some examples of the novel to correspond to the theories.
It aimed at exploring the real self of the writer.
This paper consists of three parts. Part 1 introduces the life of Oscar Wilde and
his works, also the background of The Picture of Dorian Gray. Part 2 introduces the
origin and related theories of Freudian’s personality, including id, ego, and superego.
Part 3 is an interpretation of the novel from the Freudian’s personality point of view,
which forms the main body of this paper. At last, a conclusion is drawn that Wilde’s
novel The Picture of Dorian Gray reveals the writer’s own personality.
Key words: Oscar Wilde; The Picture of Dorian Gray; id; ego; superego
CONTENTS
摘要 ................................................................................................................................................ Ⅰ ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................................... Ⅱ
CONTENTS .................................................................................................................................... Ⅲ
Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... 1
1. The Writer and His Novel ......................................................................................................... 2
1.1Oscar Wilde and His Works ................................................................................................. 2
1.2The Background of the Novel the Picture of Dorian Gray .................................................. 3
2.The Origin and Related Theories of Freudian’s Personality .......................................................... 4
2.1 The Origin of Freudian’s Personality Theory...................................................................... 4
2.2 Related Theories of Freudian’s Personality Theory ............................................................ 6
2 .2. 1 The Id ..................................................................................................................... 6
2. 2. 2 The Ego .................................................................................................................. 7
2. 2. 3 The Superego ......................................................................................................... 7
3. Freudian’s Personality Structure in the Novel ............................................................................... 8
3.1. Hey一Representative of the Id...................................................................................... 9
3.2.Dorian一Representative of the Ego ................................................................................ 11
3.3. Basil一Representative of the Superego .......................................................................... 15
Conclusion ...................................................................................................................................... 18
Bibliography ................................................................................................................................... 19
Acknowledgements ......................................................................................................................... 20
Introduction
Oscar Wilde (1854-1900) is the advocator of the British Aesthetic Movement and
an acknowledged versatile genius in the history of British Literature. He is a brilliant
Irish dramatist, novelist, critic, especially famous for his paradoxical and witty plays.
His only novel---The Picture of Dorian Gray, published in1890. It is a strikingly
ingenious story of a handsome young man and his selfish pursuit of sensual pleasure.
Until the very end of the novel, the devilish man, Dorian Gray, he remains fresh and
healthy in appearance just like that of his younger time. While his portrait which was
painted by Basil mysteriously changes into a horrible and disgusting image of his
corrupted soul. In short, Oscar Wilde’s value which is not only in the history of
aestheticism has been witnessed, at the same time; he recounts the English and shakes
the most stubborn of European etiquette, so that it leaves this extraordinary name in
the historical page.
In the century after the author’s death, with the increasing perfection of the
literary critical theories, there search on Wilde and the novel both at home and abroad
has always been carried on. In recent years, there have been new research results from
various angles published from time to time, which however are scarcely with any
deep insight from the psychoanalytic angle. However, in this paper, this novel and its
protagonist will be analyzed on Freud’s psychoanalysis. Freud’s personality theory
has usually been applied to the analysis of literature by way of describing different
characters as embodiments of the id, the ego and the superego and explicating the
interaction of the character relationship accordingly. Based upon the personality
theory, Hey, Dorian, and Basil can be respectively regarded as the representatives of
the id, the ego, and the superego. The three characters in the novel best illustrate
Wilde’s personality structure. From these parts, this paper attempts to explore it’s the
real self of the writer.
1. The Writer and His Novel
Oscar is famous in England, and his only novel The Picture of Dorian Gray
created a kind of novel sensation and the novel is also the retort and query about the
Victorian social values. This part will introduce Oscar and his work, and then I will
introduce the background of the novel The Picture of Dorian Gray.
1.1Oscar Wilde and His Works
Oscar Wilde’s rich and dramatic portrayals of the human condition came during
the height of the prosperity that swept through London in the Victorian Era of the late
19th century. At a time when all citizens of Britain were finally able to embrace
literature the wealthy and educated could only once afford, Wilde wrote many short
stories, plays and poems that continue to inspire millions around the world.
Oscar Wilde was born in 1854 in Dublin to unconventional parents - his mother
Lady Jane Francesca Wilde, was a poet and journalist. His father was Sir William
Wilde, an Irish antiquarian（antiques）, gifted writer, and specialist in diseases of the
eye and ear, he studied at Trinity College, Dublin, and then won scholarship to Oxford.
After graduation he went to London to advertise him and aestheticism. In 1881, he
published his first collection of poetry. “Poems” received mixed reviews by critics,
but helped to move Oscar’s writing career along. In 1884 he married Constance Lloyd,
and they had two sons, Cyril and Vyvyan. With a family to support, Oscar accepted a
job revitalizing the Woman’s World magazine, where he worked from 1887-1889. The
next six years were to become the most creative period of his life. He published two
collections of children’s stories, The Happy Prince and Other Tales (1888), and The
House of Pomegranates (1892). His first and only novel, The Picture of Dorian Gray,
was published in an American magazine in 1890 to a storm of critical protest. He
篇二：王尔德《道林格雷的画像》中艺术与道德的结合分析
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160 动物成语的英译
161 斯嘉丽－－－一朵铿锵的玫瑰
162 Culture Teaching in College English Listening Classrooms
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165 如何提高初中生的英语听力能力
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168 英语法律文本翻译原则
169
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171 关于英语课堂中教师体态语的研究
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173 从女性主义角度分析《恋爱中的女人》中女性的形象
174 语法翻译法与交际法的对比研究
175 军服相关英汉颜色词的分析
176 《名利场》的女性主义解读
177 浅析英语无灵句中的汉英认知思维方式差异
178 普罗米修斯的铁链与屈原的幽兰—论中西方文学中的悲剧精神
179 论狄更斯在《双城记》中的人道主义思想
180 A Cultural Approach to the Translation of Movie Titles
181 《进入黑夜的漫长旅程》的节奏分析
182 任务型教学在高中英语阅读课堂中的应用
183 以迪士尼为例分析美国文化在全球扩展这一趋势对其本身影响
184 福克纳对女性形象的塑造—以《献给艾米丽的玫瑰》和《士兵的报酬》为例 185 论《野性的呼唤》的多重主题
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187 从《卖花女》看萧伯纳的费边主义思想
188 阿瑟·米勒《推销员之死》中小人物的悲剧之源
189 从文化角度探析中英基本颜色词的比较和翻译
190 Application of Cooperative Principles in the Study of Intercultural Business Negotiation 191 间接言语在日常生活中的应用
192 Etiquette and Protocol on Intercultural Business Negotiation
193 命运与性格－－浅论《哈姆雷特》的悲剧因素
194 Analyzing Rhett’s Character in Gone With The Wind－－－－the Mixture of Fire and Ice 195 A Psychological Analysis of Mary in The Grass is Singing
196 高中英语写作作业的反馈及实施效果
197 从冲突到和解—解析《接骨师之女》中的母女关系
198 Oscar Wilde’s Aestheticism on The Picture of Dorian Gray
199 双重文化下的文化选择——解析电影《刮痧》中中国移民的文化身份危机 200 A Contrast of Two Chinese Versions of The Scarlet Letter
篇三：道林格雷的画像论文Literature Review 2
Literature Review: Of the Value of Art and Morality in The Picture of
Dorian Gray
The paper will summarize the reflection of the value of art and morality of Oscar Wilde in The Picture of Dorian Gray.
There is no doubt that this book caused much controversy and was condemned immoral by many critics for its degenerate plot after its publication. At that time-the Victorian time, this work obviously was incompatible with the time. The people just looked it from a superficial sight. So this work didn?t get much good reflection.
But now, more and more critics began to review this book in an objective way. But criticism on this book was focused on its characteristic of aestheticism for a long time. In the A History of Criticism of English Fiction, it says that the name ?Oscar Wilde? nearly became the synonymy of aestheticism. Even in the A History of English Literature, it says that The Picture of Dorian Gray nearly is the unique aesthetic novel in the English literature history. We can see that many people concentrated on this point and ignored its other significances, such as the value of art and morality.
Oscar Wilde is the representative of “art for art sake”. He also advocated that art is higher than morality. He once said that there is no such thing as a moral or an immoral book. Books are well written, or badly written. That?s all. But it didn?t get rid of morality. In this work, we can find that Oscar Wilde was not trying to abandon the conscience, and what he advocated is instinctive morality with a higher form.
In my part, both art and morality are the essential parts of Wilde?s works. We couldn?t only focus on his aestheticism, but on his traditional moral values.
References
刘茂生：《王尔德创作的伦理思想研究》，华中师范大学出版社，2008年，第68页。
常耀信：《英国文学通史》（第二卷），南开大学出版社，2011年，第669页。 殷企平，高奋：《英国小说批评史》，上海外语教育出版社，2001年，第117页
《王尔德全集》（第一卷），荣如德，巴金等译，中国文学出版社，2008年，第3页。
《经典小说赏析:道林格雷的画像(英文原版)前言》出自：百味书屋
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