篇一：新视野三版2翻译练习答案
Unit 1 Translation
英译汉
English is known as a world language, regularly used by many nations whose English is not their first language. Like other languages, English has changed greatly. The history of the English language can be divided into three main periods: Old English, Middle English and Modern English. The English language started with the invasion of Britain by three Germanic tribes during the 5th century AD, and they contributed greatly to the formation of the English language. During the medieval and early modern periods, the influence of English spread throughout the British Isles, and from the early 17th century its influence began to be felt throughout the world. The processes of European exploration and colonization for several centuries led to significant change in English. Today, American English is particularly influential, due to the popularity of American cinema, television, music, trade and technology, including the Internet.
人们普遍认为英语是一种世界语言，经常被许多不以英语为第一语言的国家使用。与其他语言一样，英语也发生了很大的变化。英语的历史可以分为三个主要阶段： 古英语，中古英语和现代英语。英语起源于公元5世纪，当时三个日耳曼部落入侵英国，他们对英语语言的形成起了很大的作用。在中世纪和现代社会初期，英语的 影响遍及不列颠群岛。从17世纪初，它的影响力开始在世界各地显现。欧洲几百年的探险和殖民过程导致了英语的重大变化。今天，由于美国电影、电视、音乐、 贸易和技术、包括互联网的大受欢迎，美国英语的影响力尤其显著。
汉译英
中国书法（calligraphy）是一门独特的艺术，是世界上独一无二的艺术瑰宝。中国书法艺术的形成、发展与汉文字的产生与演进存在着密不可分的关 系。汉字在漫长的演变发展过程中，一方面起着交流思想、继承文化的重要作用，另一方面它本身又形成了一种独特的艺术。书法能够通过作品把书法家个人的生活 感受、学识、修养、个性等折射出来，所以，通常有"字如其人"的说法。中国书法不仅是中华民族的文化瑰宝，而且在世界文化艺术宝库中独放异彩。
Chinese calligraphy is a unique art and the unique art treasure in the world. The formation and development of the Chinese calligraphy is closely related to the emergence and evolution of Chinese characters. In this long evolutionary process, Chinese characters have not only played an important role in exchanging ideas and transmitting culture but also developed into a unique art form. Calligraphic works well reflect calligraphers' personal feelings, knowledge, self-cultivation, personality, and so forth, thus there is an expression that "seeing the calligrapher's handwriting is like seeing the person". As one of the treasures of Chinese culture, Chinese calligraphy shines splendidly in the world's treasure house of culture and art.
Unit 2
英译汉
A MOOC (massive open online course) is an online course aimed at unlimited participation and open access via the web. MOOCs are a recent development in distance education and have now become a surging trend in higher education. These classes are aimed at expanding a university's reach from thousands of tuition-paying students
who live in town, to millions of students around the world. In addition to traditional course materials, MOOCs provide interactive user forums to support interactions between students and professors. MOOCs can encourage communication among participants who bring a variety of viewpoints, knowledge, and skills to the course; inspire people to "try on" subjects that they wouldn't otherwise pursue or even try on education itself; provide multiple ways to engage with course material, encouraging multimodal (多模式的) learning that can address the needs of learners with a variety of learning styles; and inspire better teaching and use of technologies for face-to-face courses.
慕课是一种网络课程，它旨在通过网络实现广泛参与和开放接入。慕课是远程教育迈出的最新一步，现已在高等教育领域迅速引领潮流。通过这些课程，大学可以扩 大影响的范围，从影响成千上万住在城里付学费的学生，扩展到惠及全球上百万的学生。除了拥有传统的课程资料，慕课还给使用者提供互动论坛，支持学生和讲师 之间的交流。慕课能够促进参与者之间的交流，使得多种观点、知识和技能涌现到课堂上来；它鼓励人们尝试之前不可能尝试的课程，甚至是尝试新的教育方式；它 提供多种学习课程资料的方式，鼓励多模式学习，以各种学习风格满足学习者的需求；另外，慕课促进教学的改善，使技术在面对面授课中得以更好地应用。
汉译英
近年来，随着互联网技术的发展，我国的数字化教育资源建设取得了巨大的成就。很多高校建立了自己的数字化学习平台，数字化教学在教育中发挥着越来越大的作 用。和传统教学方式相比，数字化教学方式有很大的优势。一方面，数字化教学使教学资源得以全球共享；另一方面，它拓展了学习者的学习时间和空间，人们可以 随时随地通过互联网进入数字化的虚拟学校学习。这使得人类从接受一次性教育走向终身学习成为可能。
In recent years, with the development of Internet technology, the construction of digital education resources of our country has made great achievements. Many universities have set up their own digital learning platforms, and digital teaching is playing an increasingly important role in education. Compared with the traditional way of teaching, the digital way has a lot of advantages. On one hand, digital teaching makes global sharing of teaching resources possible; on the other hand, it expands the learner's study time and space to learn, allowing people to get access to the digital virtual schools through the Internet anytime and anywhere. These advantages make it possible for people to shift from one-time learning to lifelong learning.
Unit 3
英译汉
As an important part of the American culture value system, "individualism" is admired by most American people. Americans view the family as a group whose primary purpose is to advance the happiness of individual members. In contrast to many other cultures, the primary responsibility of the American family member is not to advance the family as a group, either socially or economically. What would be best for the family is not usually considered to be as important as what would be best for the individual. With freedom comes the responsibility to care for oneself, for it is the freedom of choice that carries with it the responsibility: to accept the consequences of the choices. Many Americans give their children a lot of freedom because they want them to be independent and self-reliant. Along with the American emphasis on individual freedom, the belief in equality between parents and children also has had a strong effect on the family.
作为美国文化价值体系的一个重要组成部分，"个人主义"受到大多数美国人的推崇。美国人认为家庭作为一
个群体，其主要目的是促进家庭各成员的幸福。与许多 其他文化相比，美国家庭成员的主要职责，不是在社会上或经济上提高整个家庭的地位。人们通常认为，什么是对个人最好的要比什么是对家庭最好的更为重要。与 自由相伴而来的是照顾自己的责任，因为所选择的自由承载了责任，即必须接受自己的选择所带来的后果。许多美国人给他们的孩子很多的自由，因为他们希望孩子 们能够独立和自力更生。在美国人强调个人自由的同时，父母与孩子间平等的信念也对美国家庭产生了巨大的影响。
汉译英
孝道（filial piety）是中国古代社会的基本道德规范（code of ethics）。中国人把孝视为人格之本、家庭和睦之本、国家安康之本。由于孝道是儒家伦理思想的核心，它成了中国社会千百年来维系家庭关系的道德准则。 它毫无疑问是中华民族的一种传统美德。孝道文化是一个复合概念，内容丰富，涉及面广。它既有文化理念，又有制度礼仪（institutional etiquette）。一般来说，它指社会要求子女对父母应尽的义务，包括尊敬、关爱、赡养老人等等。孝道是古老的"东方文明"之根本。
Filial piety is the basic code of ethics in ancient Chinese society. Chinese people consider filial piety as the essence of a person's integrity, family harmony, and the nation's well-being. With filial piety being the core of Confucian ethics, it has been the moral standard for the Chinese society to maintain the family relationship for thousands of years. It's undoubtedly a traditional Chinese virtue. The culture of filial piety is a complex concept, rich in content and wide in range. It includes not only cultural ideas but also institutional etiquettes. Generally speaking, it refers to the obligation of children to their parents required by the society, including respect, care, support for the elderly and so forth. Filial piety is fundamental to the ancient "Oriental civilization".
Unit 4
英译汉
Valentine's Day on February 14 is celebrated in various American and European countries. It is a holiday of love and romance usually by exchanging valentines or love tokens between lovers. There are different origins regarding the festival. One legend goes that the Romans put a priest named Saint Valentine into prison for refusing to believe in the Roman gods. On February 14, Valentine was put to death not only because he was Christian, but also because he had cured the jailer's daughter of blindness. The night before he was executed he wrote her a farewell letter signed "From your Valentine". Later, February 14 became a holiday for people to show affection for their loved ones. Today, people celebrate Valentine's Day in different ways, sending greeting cards and flowers, giving chocolate or other gifts, or joining in romantic dinners. The holiday has now become popular all over the world. In China the festival is also becoming increasingly popular with young people.
美洲和欧洲各国都会庆祝2月14日的情人节。这是一个充满爱情和浪漫的节日，恋人之间通常都会交换情人卡和爱情信物。关于这个节日的起源有着不同的说法。 一个传说是罗马人把一个叫圣瓦伦丁的神父关进了监狱，因为他拒绝相信罗马神。2月14日那天，瓦伦丁被处死，不仅因为他是基督徒，而且因为他曾治愈了一位 监狱看守双目失明的女儿。他在被处死的前一天晚上给她写了一封署名“你的瓦伦丁”的告别信。后来，2月14日就成了一个人们可以为他们的情人展示感情的节 日。现在，人们以不同的方式庆祝情人节，他们发送贺卡、鲜花，赠送巧克力或其他礼品，或共进浪漫的晚餐。现在这个节日已流行世界各地。在中
国，这个节日也 正越来越受年轻人的欢迎。
汉译英
农历七月初七是中国的七夕节 (Qixi Festival)，是中国传统节日中最具浪漫色彩的一个节日。一些大的商家每年都举办不同的活动，年轻人也送礼物给他们的情人。因此，七夕节被认为是中 国的“情人节”(Valentine's Day)。七夕节来自牛郎与织女（Cowherd and Weaving Maid）的传说。相传，每年的这个夜晚，天上的织女都会与牛郎相会。所以，在七夕的夜晚，人们可以看到牛郎织女在银河 （the Milky Way）相会。姑娘们也会在这一天晚上向天上的织女乞求智慧，以获得美满姻缘。但随着时代的变迁，这些活动正在消失，唯有标志着忠贞爱情的牛郎织女的传说 一直流传民间。
July 7th on the Chinese calendar is Chinese Qixi Festival, the most romantic of all the traditional Chinese holidays. Every year, some big businesses organize various activities, and young people send gifts to their lovers. As a result, the Qixi Festival is considered to be Chinese "Valentine's Day". The Qixi Festival is derived from the legend of Cowherd and Weaving Maid. The legend holds that on this particular night every year the Weaving Maid in heaven meets with Cowherd. So, people can see Cowherd and Weaving Maid meeting in the Milky Way on the night of Qixi. On this night, girls would also beg Weaving Maid for some wisdom for a happy marriage. But, with the changing of times, these activities are diminishing. All that remains is the legend of Cowherd and Weaving Maid, a sign of faithful love, continuously circulated among the folk.
Unit 5 Translation
英译汉
The Age of Discovery, also called the Age of Exploration, is a historical period of European global exploration that started in the early 15th century and continued until the 18th century. It is usually regarded as a bridge between the Middle Ages and the Modern era, in the context of emerging western imperialism and economic competition between European kingdoms seeking wealth through the establishment of trade routes and colonies. Among many great explorers during this period, the most outstanding one was Christopher Columbus since he discovered the New World. European overseas expansion led to the rise of colonial empires, with the contact between the Old and New Worlds producing the exchange: a wide transfer of plants, animals, foods, culture, and so forth. This represented one of the most significant global events concerning ecology, agriculture, and culture in history. European exploration allowed the global mapping of the world, resulting in a new world-view and distant civilizations acknowledging each other.
大发现年代，也被称为大勘探年代，是欧洲进行全球勘查的一个历史时期，始于15世纪初并一直持续到18世纪。这一时期通常被认为是中世纪和近代之间的桥 梁，当时西方帝国主义刚兴起，欧洲各王国之间正在经济上互相竞争，他们想通过建立贸易路线和殖民地来寻找财富。在这一时期众多伟大的探险家中，最杰出的是 克里斯托弗?哥伦布，因为他发现了新大陆。欧洲的海外扩张导致了殖民帝国的崛起，旧大陆与新大陆的接触也促成了两边的互相交换：大量的植物、动物、食物、 文化等得到迁移。这代表了历史上生态、农业和文化在全球范围内最重大的活动之一。欧洲大勘探让绘制全球性的世界地图成为可能，从而使人们看到一个新的世界 与古老的文明正遥相呼应。
汉译英
丝绸之路（Silk Road）是我国古代一条连接中国和欧亚大陆（Eurasia）的交通线路，由于这条商路以丝绸贸
易为主，故称"丝绸之路"。作为国际贸易的通道和文化交 流的桥梁， 丝绸之路有效地促进了东西方经济文化交流和发展，对世界文明进程有着深远影响。当前，在新的历史条件下，我国提出了"一带一路"（One Belt, One Road）（即"丝绸之路经济带"和"21世纪海上丝绸之路"）的战略构想。"一带一路"以合作共赢为核心，强调相关各国的互利共赢和共同发展。这一战略 一经提出即受到沿线各国的积极响应。
The Silk Road is a traffic route in the ancient times connecting China and Eurasia. This trade route focuses on the trade of silk, hence the name "the Silk Road". As an international trade channel and a bridge of cultural exchanges, the Silk Road effectively improved the economic and cultural exchanges and development between the East and the West, exerting a profound impact on the progress of the world civilization. Nowadays, under the new historical circumstances, our country proposes the strategy of "One Belt, One Road" (namely the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-century Maritime Silk Road). The strategy of "One Belt, One Road" focuses on cooperation and mutual benefits, emphasizing mutual benefits, win-win, as well as common development of the related countries. Once proposed, the strategy has received positive responses from the related countries along the road.
Unit 6
英译汉
Minimalism (极简主义) is about getting rid of excess stuff and keeping only what you need. Minimalist living, in simplest terms, is to live with as less as possible, mentally and physically until you achieve peace of mind. Results that ensue are less stress, more time, and increased happiness. Minimalists like to say that they're living more meaningfully, more deliberately, and that the minimalist lifestyle allows them to focus on what's more important in life: friends, hobbies, travel, experiences. Of course, minimalism doesn't mean there's anything inherently wrong with owning material possessions. Today's problem seems to be that we tend to give too much meaning to our things, often forsaking (抛弃) our health, our relationships, our passions, our personal growth, and our desire to contribute beyond ourselves. In addition to its application in people's daily life, minimalism also finds application in many creative disciplines, including art, architecture, design, dance, film making, theater, music, fashion, photography and literature.
极简主义是指去掉多余的，仅保留需要的部分。用最简单的话来说，极简的生活方式，就是生活得越简单越好，直到获得心灵的平静，这种简单既是精神上的，也是 身体上的。这样的生活方式会减轻压力，带来更多自由时间，并增强幸福感。极简主义者会说，他们生活得更有意义了，更从容了，极简的生活方式让他们着眼于生 活中更重要的事物：朋友、爱好、旅游和体验。当然，极简主义并不意味着拥有物质财富从本质上来讲有什么不对。现在的问题似乎在于，我们往往太重视所拥有的 东西，而常常抛弃了健康、人与人之间的关系、我们的热情、个人成长，以及帮助他人的愿望。极简主义除了在我们的日常生活中可以得到应用，还存在于很多创意 领域，包括艺术、建筑、设计、舞蹈、电影、戏剧、音乐、时尚、摄影和文学等。
汉译英
国民幸福指数（National Happiness Index，NHI）是衡量人们幸福感的一种指数，也是衡量一个国家或地区经济发展、居民生活与幸福水平的指标工具。随着中国经济的高速增长，中国政府越 来越重视人民群众生活质量和幸福指数的提升。政府注重改善民生，努力改善人民群众的经济状况，满足人民群众日益增长的物质文化需求。当前，中国政府提倡释 放改革红利，让人民群众得到更多实惠。所有这些都将有效促进我国国民幸福指数不断提升。
篇二：第二册课后翻译练习答案
第二册课后翻译练习答案
Unit 1
1. 他走得慢是因为腿有毛病。(because of)
He walks slowly because of his bad leg.
2. 他尽管病的很重，但还是来参加会。(despite)
He came to the meeting despite his serious illness.
3. 他确保同样的错误今后不再发生。(see to it that)
He saw to it that the same mistake didn’t happen again.
4. 现在他们之间的了解多了一些，他们相处的就好些了。(now that)
Now that they’ve got to know each other a little better, they get along just fine.
5. 此时我发现自己被五六个男孩子围住了。(find oneself)
Then I found myself surrounded by half a dozen boys.
6. 在这幸福的时刻，我向你致以最美好的祝愿。(on…occasion)
I send you my best wishes on this happy occasion.
Unit 2
1. 昨天我去牙科医生那儿将我的一颗蛀牙拔掉了。(pull out)
I went to the dentist yesterday to have a bad/decayed tooth pulled out.
2. 事物的发展从根本上讲是由内因决定的。(depend on)
The development of things depends fundamentally on internal causes.
3. 【谚】条条道路通罗马。(lead to)
All roads lead to Rome.
4. 我本来打算今天给你这本书的，可是我忘记把书带来了。(mean to/intend to)
I meant to give you that book today, but I forgot to bring it with me.
5. 我差点儿接受他的意见。(on the verge of)
I was on the verge of accepting his advice.
6. 离婚可不是儿戏/离婚这档子事可不能等闲视之。(take… lightly)
Divorce is not a matter you can afford to take lightly.
Unit 3
1. 缺乏信心导致了他的失败。(contribute to)
Lack of confidence contributed to his failure.
2. 面对严重的疾病，他表现出了巨大的勇气。(in the face of)
She has shown great courage in the face of her serious illness.
3. 我们得出结论，她讲的是真话。(come to)
We came to the conclusion that she was telling the truth.
4. 他的秘书没有告诉他那次会议的情况。(fail to)
His secretary failed to tell him about the meeting.
5. 学习语言不仅仅是记单词的问题。(a matter of)
Learning languages isn’t just a matter of memorizing words.
6. 她一旦决定了什么事，没人能阻止她。(hold back)
Once she has made her decision, no one can hold her back.
7. 要符合我们船长定的标准将会很困难。(live up to)
It’ll be difficult to live up to the standards set by our captain.
8. 这位科学家称这一发现为这个领域中最令人兴奋的新发展。(refer to…as)
The scientist referred to the discovery as the most exciting new development in this field.
Unit 4
1. 我所能说的是我们十分抱歉。(all…that…)
All I can say is that we are extremely sorry.
2. 在很多情况下只有规定还不行。(in…case, work)
In many cases regulations alone will not work.
3. 由于他的智慧和勤奋，他极有可能成功。(likely, intelligence, diligence)
He is highly likely to succeed because of his intelligence and diligence.
4. 她瞪着我好像不认识我似的。(as if)
She stared at me as if I were a stranger.
5. 据报道，昨天的车祸中有三人受伤。(it is reported that…, injure)
It is reported that three people were injured in the traffic accident yesterday.
6. 他这样对待我使我很生气。(the way)
I feel angry at the way he (has) treated me.
7. 病人今天早晨的情况同昨天差不多。(…much the same as…)
The patient is much the same this morning as he was yesterday.
8. 今晚我想呆在家里不出去。(rather than)
I’d like to stay (at) home this evening rather than go out.
Unit 5
1. 你会看到我现在说的会成为现实。(come true)
You will see that what I am saying now will come true.
2. 这个讲座那么无趣，以致有一半的学生都睡着了。(fall asleep)
The lecture was so boring that half (of) the students fell asleep.
3. 失业(unemployment)问题与新技术的发展密切相关。(tie up with)
The problem of unemployment is tied up with the development of new technology.
4. 他的外貌变化那么大，你很可能认不出他了。(may well)
His appearance has changed so much that you may well not recognize him.
5. 这个城堡(castle)的历史可追溯到14世纪。(date bake to)
The castle dates back to the 14th century.
6. 她从来没有给他们做过任何事，而他们为她做了所有能做的事。(whereas)
She has never done anything for them, whereas they have done everything they can for her.
Unit 6
1. 为他是本场比赛表现最出色的球员之一。(regard…as)
We regard him as one of the best players in the game.
2. 那位科学家捡起那些小石块，并小心翼翼地把它们放进一个盒子里。(pick up)
The scientist picked up those little pieces of rock and carefully put them into a box.
3. 中国的人口几乎是美国的五倍。(…times as …as)
The population of China is almost five times as large as that of the United States.
4. 对那个小男孩来说草为什么是绿的曾经是个谜。(the reason why)
The reason why grass is green was once a mystery to the little boy.
5. 她站在窗口，显然非常冷静和放松。(apparently)
She was standing by the window, apparently quite calm and relaxed.
6. 由于最近销售量的下降，盈利也出现了滑坡。(as a result of)
Profits have declined as a result of the recent drop in sales.
7. 她带上墨镜以便保护自己不受强烈光线的照射。(as a protection against)
She put on dark glasses as a protection against the strong light.
8. 经过那件事后人们再也不相信他了。(no longer)
He could no longer be trusted after that incident.
Unit 7
1. 这首歌你要是唱几遍的话，孩子们就会学会歌词的。(pick up)
If you sing the song several times, your children will (begin to) pick up the words.
2. 我们尽量使这位紧张的老人相信乘飞机是安全的。(assure…that)
We tried to assure the nervous old man that flying/air travel was safe.
3. 缺乏维生素A导致夜盲。(inadequate, vitamin A)
An inadequate supply of vitamin A may lead to night blindness.
4. 我会用计算机，但是一说到修理计算机，我就一无所知了。(when it comes to…)
I can use a computer, but when it comes to computer repairing, I know nothing about it.
5. 很多母亲试图在她们的女儿身上实现她们的梦想。(many a)
Many a mother tries to have her dreams realized by her daughter.
6. 恶劣的天气使人们不能去参加游行。(discourage…from)
The bad weather discouraged people from attending the parade.
7. 我给了他一些药丸以减轻他的痛苦。(ease)
I gave him some pills to ease his pain.
8. 这份工作需要每年去国外三个月。(involve)
The job involves traveling/working abroad three months each year.
Unit 8
1. 我觉得我应该指出这是多么地危险。(point out)
I feel I should point out how dangerous it is.
2. 他们的意见不会影响我的决定。(affect)
Their opinion will not affect my decision.
3. 当谈到现代艺术时，很少有人比汤姆知道得多。(when it comes something/doing something)
When it comes to modern art, few people know more than Tom does.
4. 有人问她时，她肯定了她将要退休。(confirm)
When asked, she confirmed that she was going to retire.
5. 咳嗽药不难吃，但对我没啥用。(do…good)
The cough medicine tastes nice, but it doesn’t do me much good.
6. 如果我们不能卖出更多的货物，就必须降低产量。(cut back on)
If we can’t sell more goods, we’ll have to cut back on the production.
7. 这电影几乎有三小时。(all but)
The film is all but three hours long
8. 我向你们保证我的故事是真的，以免有人觉得奇怪。(assure, lest)
I assure you that it is true, lest anyone (should) think my story strange.
Unit 9
1. 在你出发之前应该做好所有的安排。(prior to)
All the arrangements should be completed prior to your departure.
2. 此种行为可能导致经理被辞退。(result in)
Such behavior may result in the executive being fired/asked to leave.
3. 我们的产品以质量、可靠性、尤其是品种的多样化来和其他厂家竞争。(in terms of)
Our products compete with those of other factories in terms of quality, reliability and above all, variety.
4. 由于大雨，球队的表现(performance)受到了很大的影响。(affect)
The team’s performance was greatly affected by the heavy rain.
5. 我能够理解你反对这个建议的理由。(appreciate)
I appreciate your reasons for objecting to the proposal.
6. 在某种程度上，她应该对此次事故负责。(to some extent)
To some extent, she should be responsible for the accident.
7. 一想到生活太舒适，我就深感不安。(the thought that)
I’m uneasy at/deeply troubled by the thought that life is just too comfortable.
8. 女人多比男人长寿。(tend to)
Women tend to live longer than men.
Unit 10
1. 我们可以去看七点钟或八点钟的演出，看哪个适合你。(whichever)
We can go to the seven o’clock performance or the eight–whichever suits you best.
2. 人们通常认为男人坚强，但大多数女人都知道实际情况往往相反。(reverse)
Men are generally supposed to be strong, but most women know that the reverse is often true.
3. 他被判了了五年徒刑，但是在监狱里呆了两年就被释放了。(release)
He was released from prison after serving two years of a five -year sentence.
4. 两件衣服你穿着都好看，我不知道该叫你买哪件。(equally)
You look equally nice in both dresses–I don’t know which one to advise you to buy.
5. 这位候选人有着令人惊叹的广泛的兴趣与丰富的经历。(diverse)
This candidate has an impressively diverse range of interests and experience.
6. 小孩突然松开了她的手，朝马路对面跑去。(let go of)
The child suddenly let go of her hand and ran across the street.
7. 比赛结果在很大程度上取决于评委的意见。(depend on)
The result of the competition will depend largely on the opinions of the judges.
8. 我讨厌你老师告诉我做什么。(be tired of)
I’m tired of you telling me what to do all the time.
篇三：6六一居士传(答案)
6六一居士传
主笔 王洵澄 审查李志荣何吟
学习要求：
1、 理解作者的生活态度，体会中国文人的处世哲学。
2、 语言知识积累。
（1） 语音。除优化方案中的语音外，还给以下加点的字注音。
而讫无称焉夙愿 ．．
（2） 实词。除优化方案中的幸、患、固、疾外，还有聊、偿、尝、盖、胜。
（3） 通假字。掌握优化方案的就行。
（4） 词类活用。除优化方案外，还有：老
（5） 古今异义。除优化方案外，还有：退休。
（6） 固定搭配。庶几、所以。
（7） 特殊句式。状语后置句、宾语前置句。
重点：掌握文中实词的用法及重点句子的翻译，提高文言文的翻译能力。
难点：理解古代士大夫“达则兼济天下，穷则独善其身”的传统。
教学时间：二课时。
第一课时（已印发）
六一居士初谪滁山，自号醉翁。既【 已经 】老而【表并列，“又” 】衰且【
．．．
一万卷，集录三代以来金石遗文一千卷，有琴一张，有棋一局，而常置酒一壶。”客曰：
“是．
怕影子而在太阳底下跑的人 。】；余将见子疾【快速】走大喘渴死，而名不得．．
【 能够 】逃也。”居士曰：“吾固【 本来】知名之不可逃，然亦知夫【 指．．
示代词“那” 】不必逃也；吾为此名，聊【 副词，姑且，暂且 】以志吾之乐尔。”客曰：．
泰山立在眼前而看不见，迅雷击破柱子而不害怕；即使在洞庭之野奏响九韶，在涿鹿之原观赏大战，未足够与我的快乐合适相比。 】然常患不得极吾乐于其间者，世事之为吾累者众也。其大者有二焉，轩裳珪组劳吾形于外，忧患思虑劳吾心于内，使吾形不病而已悴，心未老而先衰，尚何暇于五物哉？虽然，吾自乞其身于朝者三年矣，一日天子恻然哀之，赐其骸
【 句末语气词，有微微叹息之意 】。此吾之所以【 表原因】志也。”客复笑曰：“子．．
知轩裳珪组之累其形，而不知五物之累其心乎？”居士曰：“不然。累于彼者已劳矣，又多忧；累于此者既佚矣，幸无患。吾其【 语气副词，表反问 】何择哉？”于是与客俱起，．
握手大笑曰：“置之，区区不足较也。”
已而【不久 】叹曰：“夫【 发语词 】士少而【 连词，表修饰】仕，老而【 ．．．．．连词，表修饰 】休，盖【
大概 】有不待七十者矣。吾素慕之，宜去一也。吾尝【 曾经．．
】用于时矣，而讫【副词，“最终”
】无称焉，宜去二也。壮犹如此，今既老且病矣，．
置 】！”
熙宁三年九月七日，六一居士自传。
第二课时
学习要求：
一、 理解作者的生活态度，体会中国文人的处世哲学。
二、 学习本文精彩的比喻。
思考并讨论下列问题：
一、 欧阳修的生活态度是怎样的？怎么理解中国文人的处世哲学。
二、找出本文有哪些比喻句。体会其精彩之处。（提示：可以结合比喻的作用，并思考运用到作文的写作中。）
《《六一居士传》阅读练习及答案翻译(2)》出自：百味书屋
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