篇一：2016年江苏专转本考试题答案、复习资料
试卷一
2016年江苏专转本考试题答案在线，咨询老师扣扣号[3751，6206] ，bao通过，
一、 填空题
1．计算机系统是由_________和___________两部分组成的，操作系统属于一种系统_______。它直接与计算机________系统打交道，是对它的第一层扩充。
2．Windows是________________操作系统。
3．文件的结构分为__________结构和___________结构两种类型。
4．设备按共享属性分为_________设备和__________设备。
5．键盘的设备名为______________。
二、选择题
1．下面______不是操作系统的类型。（）
A．分时系统 B．实时系统 C．批处理系统 D．顺序系统
2．DOS操作系统和用户之间有界面是______界面。 （）
A．图形界面 B．字符界面 C．交互界面 D．系统界面
3．下面________不是进程的特征。
A．动态性B．并发性 C．异步性 D．静态性
4．下面______不是可变分区的分配算法。（）
A．最佳适应算法 B．最坏适应算法 C．首次适应算法 D．自适应算法
5．操作系统进行进程管理是通过执行下面______操作来实现的。 （）
A．原语 B．命令C．程序 D．指令
6．下面________是发生死锁的必要条件。
A．互斥条件 B．可抢占条件C．全部分配条件 D．等待条件
7．下面______个不是操作系统的文件操作。（）
A．文件检查 B．建立文件 C．打开文件 D．关闭文件
8．为了使用比实际内存更大的内存空间，操作系统适用的技术称为______。 （）
A．虚拟存储技术 B．磁盘管理技术 C．移动技术 D．撤销技术
9．Windows操作系统的设备管理提供了强大的________功能，设备一般不需用户配置就可以直接使用。（）
A．驱动 B．即插即用 C．管理 D．控制
10．实现虚拟存储器的关键技术是________。 （）
A．分配技术 B．分页技术C．交换技术D．存储技术
三、1.操作系统
2．作业
3．进程
4．系统调用
5．进程的互斥
四、1．写出三种常用的淘汰算法
2．写出操作系统的五大管理功能
五、图示作业状态转换图，并说明在何种情况下作业由后备状态变为运行状态。
试卷一答案
一、1. 【答案】硬件 软件 软件 硬件
【解析】计算机系统由硬件和软件两部分组成，操作系统属于在计算机硬件基础上的第一层软件，属于系统软件，用来管理计算机的硬件和软件资源。
2．【答案】单用户多任务
【解析】Windows属于单用户多任务操作系统，Dos属于单用户单任务操作系统，Unix操作系统属于多用户多任务操作系统。
3. 【答案】有（或记录式）、无（流式）
【解析】文件的逻辑结构可分为两大类，一类是有结构文件，也称为记录式文件，由若干记录构成的文件；另一类是无结构文件，也成为流式文件，是由字符流构成的文件。
4. 【答案】独占、共享
【解析】一段时间内只允许一个进程使用的资源称为临界资源或是独占资源；一段时间内可以被多个进程所共享的资源称为共享资源，对应的设备按共享属性可以分为独占设备和共享设备，利用虚拟技术，可以将独占设备虚拟为共享设备。
5. 【答案】con
【解析】在DOS操作系统中或DOS模式下，CON即可代表输入设备键盘也可代表输出设备显示器，例:COPY CON A.TXT中，CON代表键盘，意思是把从键盘输入的内容保存在A.TXT文件中，按F6键或Ctrl+Z结束输入并保存。而COPY A.TXT CON则表示把A.TXT中的内容输出到显示器上显示出来。
二、1. 【答案】D
【解析】操作系统主要有三类，多道批处理操作系统、分时系统和实时系统，多道批处理系统是成批的作业在外存等待，由作业调度程序选择多个作业进入内存，宏观上同时运行。分时系统是一台主机连接多个终端，每个终端用户程序分时间片的原则占用CPU；实时系统主要包括实时控制和实时信息处理系统。
2. 【答案】B
【解析】不同操作系统的命令接口有所不同，用户界面也可以分为字符型界面和图形用户界面，DOS操作系统为用户使用提供了若干联机操作命令，为用户提供的是字符界面。
3. 【答案】D
【解析】进程的基本特征一共有五个,动态性属于进程的最基本特征,并发性、独立性、异步性都是进程的特征，另外进程的结构特征，主要由程序段、数据段和PCB组成，静态性属于程序的特征。
4. 【答案】D
【解析】动态分区，又称为可变分区，其分区分配算法包括首次适应算法、循环首次适应算法、最佳适应算法和最坏适应算法等，所以，自适应算法不属于可变分区分配算法。
5. 【答案】A
【解析】原语是由若干条机器指令所组成的，用以完成特定功能的一段程序，应当属于原子操作，原语属于不可分割的操作。操作系统内核就是通过执行相应原语操作实现进程管理。
6. 【答案】A
【解析】发生死锁的四个必要条件是互斥条件、请求与保持条件、不剥夺条件和环路等待条件，所以，答案选A。
7. 【答案】A
【解析】最基本的文件操作有创建文件、删除文件、读写文件、截断文件和设置文件的读/写位置。文件检查不是操作系统的文件操作。
8. 【答案】A
【解析】采用虚拟存储器技术实现物理内存的逻辑容量的扩充，虚拟存储器的容量是由计算机的地址结构和寻址方式确定的。如CPU的有效地址长度是16位，则其寻址范围为0-64KB。
9. 【答案】B
【解析】Windows操作系统设置了即插即用功能,能自动搜索硬件及选择对应驱动程序程序进程安装,一般不需要用户配置就可以直接使用。没有对应驱动程序时会提示用户选择手动安装。
10. 【答案】B
【解析】实现虚拟存储器的主要方法有请求分页存储管理方式及请求分段存储管理方式，所以，分页技术是实现虚拟存储器的基础，把当前正在运行的一个或多个页面调入内存，其余的大多数的页面在外存等待，随着页面的执行再调入相应页面进入内存。交换是把各个进程完整地调入内存，运行一段时间，再放回磁盘上，所以不能实现虚拟存储。
三、1．操作系统：操作系统是一组控制和管理计算机硬件和软件资源，合理地对各类作业进行调度，以及方便用户使用的程序的集合。
2．作业：由用户提交给系统处理的一个计算任务，称为作业，它包括用户程序、数据，以及对程序运行进行控制和处理的有关信息。一般，可把作业分为批处理型作业和终端型作业两类。
3．进程：进程是程序在一个数据集合上运行的过程，是系统进行资源分配和调度的独立单位。或“进程是进程实体的运行过程，是系统进行资源分配和调度的一个独立单位”。进程的基本特征包括结构特征，动态性，并发性，独立性，异步性。
4．系统调用：所谓系统调用是系统为用户程序调用操作系统所提供的子程序。它与一般的函数调用不同，系统调用是通过中断方式转向相应子程序的，它工作在核心态（管态），而一般函数的调用，仍仅是在用户态下的地址转移。
5．进程的互斥：指在多道程序环境下，每次只允许一个进程对临界资源进程访问。为此，必须使诸进程互斥的进入自己的临界区。
四、1．答： 三种淘汰页面的算法可以选择最佳置换算法（OPT）、先进先出页面置换算法（FIFO）以及最近最久未使用置换算法（LRU）。
最佳置换算法算法思想：其选择的被淘汰的页面，将是以后永远不使用的，或许是在最长（未来）时间内不再被访问的页面。采用最佳置换算法，通常可保证获得最低的缺页率，但是该算法是无法实现的；
先进先出页面置换算法思想：总是淘汰最先进入内存的页面，即选择在内存中驻留时间最久的页面予以淘汰；
最近最久未使用置换算法：该算法根据历史推算，选择最近一段时间最长时间不被使用的页面予以淘汰。
2．操作系统是一组控制和管理计算机硬件和软件资源，合理的对各类作业进行调度，以及方便用户使用的程序的集合。具体包括了五大管理功能：
处理机管理功能：主要包括进程控制、进程同步、进程通信和调度四个方面的管理功能； 存储器管理功能：主要包括内存分配、内存保护、地址映射和内存扩充四个方面的管理功能 ； 设备管理功能: 主要包括设备分配、设备处理、缓冲管理和虚拟设备四个方面的管理功能； 文件管理功能：主要包括文件存储空间的管理、目录管理、文件的读写管理和文件的保护四个方面的管理功能；
为用户提供接口：主要包括命令接口、程序接口和图形接口。
五、
答：从进入系统开始到运行结束，作业一般要经历进入、后备、运行和完成4个阶段。相应的，作业亦有提交、后备、运行和终止4种状态。
(1)进入状态：当操作员将用户提交的作业通过某种输入方式，将作业输入到外存时，称此阶段为作业处于进入状态；
(2)后备状态：也称为收容状态。若作业所需的全部信息已输入到外存，由作业建立程序为之建立了作业控制块，并插入到后备作业队列中等待调度运行为止。把作业在后备队列上等待调度的状态称为后备状态；
（3）运行状态：作业调度程序从处于后备状态的作业队列中选中一个作业调入内存，并为之建立相应得进程，分配必要的资源后，由于作业已具有独立运行的资格，如果处理及空闲，便可立即执行，故称此时的作业进入了运行状态。作业的运行状态又可进一步分为“就绪”、“执行”、“阻塞”三个基本状态；
（4）终止状态。当作业运行完毕，但它所占用的资源尚未全部被系统回收时，该作业处于完成状态。在这种状态下，系统需做如打印结果、回收资源等类似的善后处理工作。
作业由进入状态到后备状态是由作业建立程序完成的，从后备状态转换为运行状态是由调度程序所引起的；而作业由运行状态自愿或被迫地转变为终止状态，则是在有关作业终止的系统调用的作用下完成的。
试卷二
一、
1．以下不适合于直接存取的外存分配方法是______。
A．连续分配 B．链接分配 C．索引分配 D．都适合
2．下面对进程描述错误的是______。 （）
A．进程是动态的概念 B．进程执行需要处理机
C．进程是有生命周期的 D．进程是指令集合
3．在下列文件的物理结构中,不利于文件长度动态增长的文件物理结构是 （）
A．连续结构B．链接结构 C．索引结构 D．Hash结构
4．通道用于实现______之间信息传输。（）
篇二：2016年江苏专转本考试英语真题
绝密★启用前
江苏省 2016 年普通高校专转本选拔考试
英语 试题卷
(非英语类专业)
注意事项-
1.本试卷分为试题卷和答题卡两部分，试题卷共 10 页。全卷满分 150 分，考试时间 120 分钟.
2.必须在答题卡上作答，作答在试题替上无效。作答前务必将自己的姓名和准考证号准确清晰地 填写在试题卷和答题卡的指定位置。
3.考试结束时，须将试题卷和答题卡一并交回。
Part I Reading Comprehension (共 20 小题，每小题 2 分共 40 分)
Directions: There are 4 passages in this part Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. Passage One
Questions I to 5 are based on the following passage.
Now it is the best time for Hong Kong shopping lovers，as most shops and markets are having their seasonal sales. Whit the same amount of money, you can buy more goods in this city. Women, young or old, rarely resist the attraction of this shopping paradise (乐园) at this time of the year. You will surely have an exciting Christmas and New Year's Eve celebrations at Times Square or in the western-style bars. Spending your holidays in Hong Kong will be easy too as several packing tours are available from CZL Travel Agency, with four-day tours for less than 4,000 yuan.
Tour Package One (3, 200 yuan): a four day tour including three nights' accommodation (住宿)， science helicopter flight, night ferry tour of Victoria Harbor and shuttle bus to Victoria Peak to view the city at night.
Tour Package Two (1, 880 yuan): a four -day shopping tour including three nights'
Accommodation, tour to Golden Beach and Hong Kong Space Museum, shuttle bus to Victoria Peak and shopping opportunities.
Tour Package Three (1,480 yuan): a four-day DIY tour including three nights' accommodation in a four-star hotel and complete freedom to do what you want.
1.. This advertisement is probably from ▲ .
A. a shopping center B. a hotel
C. a travel agency D. a museum
2. According to the passage, it can be inferred that ▲ are shopping lovers.
A. almost all the women
C. only old women B. only young women D. men and women
3. If you want to plan the tour by yourself, you'd better choose Tour Package ▲ .
A. TwoB. ThreeC. One D. Two and Three
4. According to the passage, if you want to visit Victoria Harbor at night with a tour guide, you can choose Tour Package ▲ .
A. One B. Three C. Two D One and Two
5. According to the passage, this advertisement was most probably shown ▲ .
A. on New Year's Day
B. on Christmas Eve
C. between New Year's Day and Christmas
D. before Christmas
Passage Two
Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.
If someone tells you he fought in the Swiss Navy and speaks Swiss, don't believe a word he says. Switzerland is a landlocked (内陆的) nation. It hasn't gone to war in over a century. And there is no such thing as the Swiss language.
Switzerland is located among the highest mountains of Western Europe. The Aar River flows in the north and the Rhone River cuts through the south. Many beautiful lakes serve as tourist attractions. More than 6,300,000 people live in Switzerland. The national languages are German, French, and Italian. About 70% of the people speak German. Nearly everyone speaks at least two of the national languages. About 49% of the country is Roman Catholic, and 48% is Protestant.
Zurich is the largest city with people. Bern, the capital, has a population of about 145,000. The city of Geneva is famous, and the Red Cross was founded there.
The Swiss have a 99% literacy rate, which means that 99% of the people can read and write. Many children from other nations eoll in Swiss schools. The Swiss have a high standard of living. Foreign residents, who represent 20% of all workers, are willing to take the lower paying jobs that the Swiss do
not apply for.
The nation is a federation of 23 cantons. These states have a history of independence. Since 1848, they have joined to form a common government, but they still maintain their independent character.
6. Which of the following is the best title for this passage? ▲
A. Life in the Swiss Navy
C. Facts about Switzerland B. The Cities of Switzerland D. Language of Switzerland
7. In Switzerland, most of the people speak ▲ .
A. English B. Italian C. French D. German
8. Which of the following can be Inferred about the education of Switzerland?
A. There are more foreign students than Swiss students In Swiss schools.
B. The Swiss have a successful education system.
C. Most Swiss students go to school in other countries.
D Education is not Important to the people of Switzerland.
9. Foreign residents would like to take jobs ▲ .
A. that the SWISS are not willing to apply for
B. that can hardly support their families
C. only when their kids can be eolled in Swiss schools
D. when they are appointed the representatives of all workers
10. Switzerland is a federation of 23 states with a history of about ▲ years.
A. 100
Passage Three
Questions Il to 15 are based on the following passage.
There are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence. The first is the sort of
brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low level of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the
individual-the sort of environment in which he is brought up. If an individual is (不利的) environmentally, it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable. B. 120 C. 160 D. 70
The importance of environment in determining an individual's intelligence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in separate Peter was raised by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with fewer educational opportunities. Mark was reared in the home of well-to do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child, sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually.
This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were given tests to measure their intelligence. Mark's I. Q was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and forty points higher than his identical brother Given equal opportunities, the twins, having identical brains, would have tested at roughly the same level.
11. The main idea of this passage is that ▲ .
A. human brains differ completely
B. the brain a person is born with determines his intelligence
C. environment is crucial in determining a person's intelligence
D. persons having identical brains will have roughly the same Intelligence
12. According to the passage, the average I. Q. is ▲ .
A. 85 B. 100 C. 110 D. 125
13. The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that ▲ .
A. individuals with identical brains are seldom tested
B. an individual's intelligence is determined only by his environment
C. lack of educational opportunities blocks the growth of intelligence
D. changes of environment produce changes in the structure of the brain
14. This passage suggests that an individual's I. Q. is ▲ .
A. can be predicted at birth
C. can be increased by education B. stays the same throughout his life D. is determined by his childhood
15. The best title of this passage is ▲ .
A. Measuring Your Intelligence
C. The Case of Peter and Mark B. Intelligence and Environment D. How the Bram Influences intelligence
Passage Four
Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.
Three American psychologists did a research study several years ago on what Americans
value most. In the study, eighteen values were asked to put in the order of importance. The result is as follows:
1. family security
3. freedom
5. happiness
7. a sense of accomplishment
9. true friendship
11. inner harmony
13. national security
15. a world of beauty
17. an exciting life 2. a world at peace 4. self-respect 6. wisdom 8. a comfortable life 10. Salvation (拯救) in the religious sense 12. Equality 14. mature love 16. pleasure 18. social recognition
Are you surprised that Americans place their values in this way? Did you think they would put their values in a different order? I would have thought love and friendship might have come higher on this list. As you can see, several of these values are closely related to each other and are dependent upon each other. In other words, we cannot have 1-family security without 2 a world at peace, and 3 national security.
The results of the study showed that people who placed equality high up on their list of
values were those who had positive attitudes towards persons of other races and who supported civil rights activity, especially the work of Martin Luther King Jr.
Another Interesting finding in this study was that eleven-year-old children ranked a world of beauty 7th in Importance, but fifteen-year old children ranked a world of beauty 14th and adults ranked it 17th. Well, what does it mean? Probably it means that as people grow older and take on more responsibilities in their work and with their own families, that appreciating beauty move-back into the background of their lives. What a pity! Children have more time to enjoy equity and Nature.
Philosophers, psychologists and religious people have always been very much conceded
with values. After all, values represent what we each hold most dear to ourselves and to our society.
篇三：2016江苏专转本投档线
江苏省2016年普通高校专转本选拔考试预填平行志愿院校（专业）投档分数线
《2016年江苏专转本考试报名时间|报名入口|报名条件_无忧考网》出自：百味书屋
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