篇一：复活节的习俗介绍中英文版
复活节的习俗介绍中英文版
ASundaybetweenMarch22andApril25
ThemeaningofmanydifferentcustomsobservedduringEasterSundayhavebeenburiedwithtime.Theiroriginslieinpre-ChristiaeligionsandChristianity.Allinsomewayoranotherarea"salutetospring,"markingre-birth.ThewhiteEasterlilyhascometocapturethegloryoftheholiday.Theword"Easter"isnamedafterEastre,theAnglo-Saxongoddessofspring.Afestivalwasheldinherhonoreveryyearatthevernalequinox（春分）.
Peoplecelebratetheholidayaccordingtotheirbeliefsandtheirreligiousdenominations（命名）.ChristianscommemorateGoodFridayasthedaythatJesusChristdiedandEasterSundayasthedaythatHewasresurrected（复活）.Protestantsettlersbroughtthecustomofasuiseservice,areligiousgatheringatdawn,totheUnitedStates.
ThisyearEasterwillbecelebratedonSundayApril11,2004.OnEasterSundaychildrenwakeuptofindthattheEasterBunnyhasleftthembasketsofcandy.Hehasalsohiddentheeggsthattheydecoratedearlierthatweek.Childrenhuntfortheeggsallaroundthehouse.NeighborhoodsandorganizationsholdEasteregghunts,andthechildwhofindsthemosteggswinsaprize.
TheEasterBunnyisarabbit-spirit.Longago,hewascalledthe"EasterHare."Haresandrabbitshavefrequentmultiplebirthssotheybecameasymboloffertility.ThecustomofanEasteregghuntbeganbecausechildrenbelievedthathareslaideggsinthegrass.TheRomansbelievedthat"Alllifecomesfromanegg."Christiansconsidereggstobe"theseedoflife"andsotheyaresymbolicoftheresurrectionofJesusChrist.
Whywedye,orcolor,anddecorateeggsisnotcertain.InancientEgypt,Greece,RomeandPersiaeggsweredyedforspringfestivals.InmedievalEurope,beautifullydecoratedeggsweregivenasgifts.
EggRolling
InEngland,Germanyandsomeothercountries,childreolledeggsdownhillsonEastermorning,agamewhichhasbeenconnectedtotherollingawayoftherockfromJesusChrist'stombwhenhewasresurrected.BritishsettlersbroughtthiscustomtotheNewWorld.
IntheUnitedStatesintheearlynineteenthcentury,DollyMadison,thewifeofthefourthAmericanPresident,organizedaneggrollinWashington,D.C.ShehadbeentoldthatEgyptianchildrenusedtorolleggsagainstthepyramidssosheinvitedthechildrenofWashingtontorollhard-boiledeggsdownthehillylawnofthenewCapitolbuilding!Thecustomcontinued,exceptfortheyearsduringtheCivilWar.In1880,theFirstLadyinvitedchildrentotheWhiteHousefortheEggRollbecauseofficialshadcomplainedthattheywereruiningtheCapitollawn.Ithasbeenheldthereeversincethen,onlycanceledduringtimesofwar.Theeventhasgrown,andtodayEasterMondayistheonlydayoftheyearwhentouristsareallowedtowanderovertheWhiteHouselawn.ThewifeofthePresidentsponsorsitforthechildrenoftheentirecountry.Theeggrollingeventisopentochildrentwelveyearsoldan
dunder.Adultsareallowedonlywhenaccompaniedbychildren!
Traditionally,manycelebrants（司仪神父）boughtnewclothesforEasterwhichtheyworetochurch.Afterchurchservices,everyonewentforawalkaroundthetown.ThisledtotheAmericancustomofEasterparadesalloverthecountry.PerhapsthemostfamousisalongFifthAvenueinNewYorkCity.
GoodFridayisafederalholidayin16statesandmanyschoolsandbusinessesthroughouttheU.S.areclosedonthisFriday.
复活节是最古老最有意义的基督教节日之一。它庆祝的是基督的复活，世界各地的基督徒每年都要举行庆祝。复活节还象征重生和希望。时间是春分月圆后的第一个星期日。
复活节是基督教纪念耶稣复活的节日。传说耶稣被钉死在十字架上，死后第三天复活升天。每年在教堂庆祝的复活节指的是春分月圆后的第一个星期日，如果月圆那天刚好是星期天，复活节则推迟一星期。因而复活节可能在3月22日至4月25日之间的任何一天。
典型的复活节礼物跟春天和再生有关系：鸡蛋、小鸡、小兔子、鲜花，特别是百合花是这一季节的象征。复活节前夕，孩子们为朋友和家人给鸡蛋着色打扮一番。这些蛋有的煮得很老，有的只是空空的蛋壳。复活节那天早上，孩子们会发现床前的复活节篮子里装满了巧克力彩蛋、复活节小兔子、有绒毛的小鸡及娃娃玩具等。据说复活节兔子会将彩蛋藏在室内或是草地里让孩子们去寻找。一年一度的美国白宫滚彩蛋活动经常被电视台实况转播。
在多数西方国家里，复活节一般要举行盛大的宗教游行。游行者身穿长袍，手持十字架，赤足前进。他们打扮成基督教历史人物，唱着颂歌欢庆耶稣复活。如今节日游行已失去往日浓厚的宗教色彩。节日游行洋溢着喜庆的气氛，具有浓烈的民间特色和地方特色。在美国，游行队伍中即有身穿牛仔服踩高跷的小丑，也有活泼可爱的卡通人物米老鼠。在英国，游行多以介绍当地的历史和风土人情为主，游行者化装成为苏格兰风笛乐队以及皇宫卫士，吸引了众多的游客。复活节的到来还使人们纷纷换上新衣。过去基督教教徒会在节前去教堂行洗礼，然后穿上自己的新袍，庆祝基督的新生。穿戴一新的习俗保留至今，因为人们认为节日里不穿新衣是要倒运的。复活节期间，人们还喜欢彻底打扫自己的住处，表示新生活从此开始。
德国政府规定复活节休息两天。在节日里，家人团聚，品尝各种传统食品，亲戚朋友见面要互相祝贺。象征生命的蛋、火、水、兔等成了复活节的吉祥物。鸡蛋和兔子在西方是新的生命和兴旺发达的象征。鸡蛋的本色象征太阳，把鸡蛋染成红色则象征生活幸福。在复活节中，父母要特地为孩子们准备制成鸡蛋、兔子形状的巧克力糖。亲友间要互赠彩蛋。在莱茵河中游和黑森东部的一些城镇，至今保留着“彩蛋树”这一古老习俗。人们把成百的蛋壳涂上彩画，串成蛋链，在复活节这天挂在松树上，制成彩蛋树，大人孩子围着彩蛋树唱歌、跳舞、庆祝复活节。而阿尔卑斯山的姑娘们则通过赠送红鸡蛋来表达自己的爱情。在复活节这天，姑娘如果向某一小伙子赠送三个红鸡蛋，表示姑娘向小伙子求爱。关于兔子成为复活节的吉祥物，是有一段传说的。
在古代耶稣复活之日，正值斯堪的纳维亚地区居民庆祝大地回春的“春太阳节”，作为草原、森林动物中多产动物之一的兔子，它象征了春天的复苏和新生命的诞生，同时它又是爱神阿弗洛狄特的宠物，也是日尔曼土地女神霍尔塔的持
烛引路者。因此，现在兔子作为给孩子们送复活节鸡蛋的使者，深受孩子的宠爱。'在复活节这一天孩子定会收到兔形礼物。火不仅给人类带来了光明，也使大地获得了新生。作为耶稣再生的象征，复活节的许多活动都与火相关。
复活节这一天，人们在教堂前点烛以示圣化，并将圣烛迎进千家万户。这一天，孩子们最快乐的事是把圣火送到各家。他们在教堂前用圣火点燃树枝，然后奔跑着送到各家各户，其间充满着欢快的节日气氛。在德国的巴伐利亚地区，每年的复活节居民们都要举行火炬赛跑，以庆祝耶稣的再生。而北莱茵上威斯特法伦州的吕克台复活节滚火轮更是远近闻名。六个巨型大木轮被火点燃滚下山谷，就像六个火球从天而降，漆黑的山谷被大火轮照得通明，它与五彩缤纷的焰火交相辉映，再次显示了火给人类带来了新生。
作为德国惟一的少数民族索布族人则是用百骑大合唱的形式来庆祝耶酥的复活。一个个身穿黑色上衣、头戴黑色礼帽的索布族人，骑在用彩带、鲜花和白色贝壳装饰的骏马上，浩浩荡荡地行进在林间小路上。他们边走边用粗犷雄厚的嗓音高唱赞歌，场面十分壮观。
复活节与食物
在欧洲，因为有四旬期(复活节前40天)的守斋的缘故，在每次复活节用餐前，都先予以祝圣；因此第七世纪时，就有祝圣羔羊的记载出现了，之后又多了油脂和火腿的祝圣。
其实四旬节守斋是禁止吃蛋类的。到了十二世纪，才开始有鸡蛋的祝圣；因此在复活节时，天主教徒会把蛋涂成红色，请神父祝圣，自己也用作礼物送给朋友，这是为什么现在复活节都要送彩蛋的最早起源。
除了鸡蛋外，还有其它食品，如奶油、乳酪、面包等的祝圣。在礼仪改革前的圣教典礼中，仍保留了羔羊、蛋、面包的祝圣经文。
在欧洲许多国家，复活主日的主餐均食羔羊肉，因为在祝圣羔羊时，可让人纪念摩西借着羔羊的血，领导以色列人出埃及，而这羔羊(后来称为逾越节的羔羊)是耶稣的预表：他是上帝的圣洁羔羊，藉他在十字架上所留的血，使人类得以洗净罪，脱离魔鬼的奴役。
蛋也象征春天及新生命的开始。到了基督徒的时代，更赋予了一层宗教意义：象征耶稣复活走出石墓。
而面包则使基督徒们想到耶稣是永生的活粮。在欧洲许多国家中，复活节通常会另外烤制特别的复活节面包，面包上画有基督耶稣的字样、十字架，或羔羊的图案等，以纪念基督。
复活节岛与复活节
在烟波浩渺的南太平洋上，有一个面积仅为165平方公里的小岛－－复活节岛，它以神秘的巨石人像和奇异的风情吸引着无数游人。复活节岛是智利的一个小岛，距智利本土3600多公里。据说，1722年荷兰探险家雅可布·洛吉文（JabboRoggeween）在南太平洋上航行探险，突然发现一片陆地。他以为自己发现了新大陆，赶紧登陆，结果上岸后才知道是个海岛。正巧这天是复活节（1722年4月5），于是就将这个无名小岛命名为复活节岛。1888年，智利政府派人接管该岛，说来也巧，这天又正好是复活节。
篇二：复活节中英文介绍NO.1
复活节
As with almost all "Christian" holidays, Easter has been secularized and
commercialized. The dichotomous nature of Easter and its symbols, however, is not necessarily a modern fabrication.
和其它基督教节日一样，复活节正慢慢“被世俗”和“被商业”。即便如此，复活节的这两个性质和它的标志并不是必然的“现代产物”。
The history of Easter 复活节的历史
Since its conception as a holy celebration in the second century, Easter has had its non-religious side. In fact, Easter was originally a pagan festival.
“复活节是神圣的庆典”的概念在公元200年已经形成，自那时起，复活节就站在了非宗教的一方。而事实上，最初的复活节是异教徒的节日。
The ancient Saxons celebrated the return of spring with an uproarious festival commemorating their goddess of offspring and of springtime, Eastre. When the second-century Christian missionaries encountered the tribes of the north with their pagan celebrations, they attempted to convert them to Christianity. They did so, however, in a clandestine manner.
古撒克逊人庆祝春至时非常热闹，因为这也纪念他们祖先和春天的“复活”。在公元200年，基督教的传教士并偶然来到这个拥有异教庆典的北方部落。这些传教士尝试让撒克逊人改信基督教，而他们使用的方法非常隐秘。
It would have been suicide for the very early Christian converts to celebrate their holy days with observances that did not coincide with celebrations that already existed. To save lives, the missionaries cleverly decided to spread their religious message slowly throughout the populations by allowing them to continue to celebrate pagan feasts, but to do so in a Christian manner.
早期的基督教人为了庆祝他们神圣的节日而在仪式中自杀，然而这些仪式并没有与以前的庆祝仪式相类似。为了拯救生命，传教士略施小计，在人群中慢慢散布神明的信息，谎称神明允许人们继续庆祝异教节日，但是要使用基督教的方式进行庆祝。
As it happened, the pagan festival of Eastre occurred at the same time of year as the Christian observance of the Resurrection of Christ. It made sense, therefore, to alter the festival itself, to make it a Christian celebration as converts were slowly won over. The early name, Eastre, was eventually changed to its modern spelling, Easter.
就这样，复活节在同年出现了，而且被当作耶稣复活的基督教仪式。因此，这个节日就慢慢被改变，渐渐转变为基督教的一个节日。于是，人们渐渐皈依基督教。而复活节早期的名字Eastre，最后也被改成流传至今的拼法Easter。
The date of Easter 复活节的日期
Prior to A.D. 325, Easter was variously celebrated on different days of the week, including Friday, Saturday, and Sunday. In that year, the Council of Nicaea was convened by emperor Constantine. It issued the Easter Rule which states that Easter shall be celebrated on the first Sunday that occurs after the first full moon on or after the vernal equinox. However, a caveat must be introduced here. The "full moon" in the rule is the ecclesiastical full moon, which is defined as the fourteenth day of a tabular lunation, where day 1
corresponds to the ecclesiastical New Moon. It does not always occur on the same date as the astronomical full moon. The ecclesiastical "vernal equinox" is always on March 21. Therefore, Easter must be celebrated on a Sunday between the dates of March 22 and April 25.
在公元325年之前，复活节的庆祝时间可以是一周中不同的时间，而这些时间包括星期五、星期六和星期天。在那些年里，康斯坦丁大帝组建了尼西亚理事会。这个理事会制定了复活节的标准：复活节应该在第一个满月后或是春分后的第一个星期进行庆祝。在这里，我们要作一下解释。在规定中所指的“满月”是基督教的满月，而“满月”的时间定在阴历月份的第十四天，那么，这个月的1号就是基督教的“新月”。由于天文满月，复活节的日期不会是每年的同一天。另外，基督教的“春分”通常是3月21日。因此，复活节必须在3月22日-4月24日之间的其中一个星期天进行庆祝。
The Lenten season 四旬斋季节
Lent is the forty-six day period just prior to Easter Sunday. It begins on Ash Wednesday. Mardi Gras (French for "Fat Tuesday") is a celebration,
sometimes called "Carnival," practiced around the world, on the Tuesday prior to Ash Wednesday. It was designed as a way to "get it all out" before the sacrifices of Lent began. New Orleans is the focal point of Mardi Gras celebrations in the U.S. Read about the religious meanings of the Lenten Season.
四旬斋是早期复活节里面为期46天的时期。四旬斋开始于圣灰星期三。“狂欢节”也称为“嘉年华”。在早期，它横跨星期三和圣灰星期四，是一个全世界都进行的庆典。在四旬斋献祭开始前，狂欢节是一个使人身心舒畅的节日。其中，新奥尔良是美国狂欢节的焦点。因此，我们要好好理解四旬斋的宗教含义。
The Easter Bunny 复活兔
The Easter Bunny is not a modern invention. The symbol originated with the pagan festival of Eastre. The goddess, Eastre, was worshipped by the Anglo-Saxons through her earthly symbol, the rabbit.
复活兔并不是现代产物。复活兔起源于异教的复活节。当时，耶稣的世俗象征是一个兔子，并被盎格鲁撒克逊人供奉着。
The Germans brought the symbol of the Easter rabbit to America. It was widely ignored by other Christians until shortly after the Civil War. In fact, Easter itself was not widely celebrated in America until after that time.
而德国人将复活兔带到了美国。直至美国南北战争后，复活兔才被大多数基督教人士所重视。事实上，在这次内战结束后，复活节也未在美国被人们广泛地庆祝。
The Easter Egg 复活蛋
As with the Easter Bunny and the holiday itself, the Easter Egg predates the Christian holiday of Easter. The exchange of eggs in the springtime is a
custom that was centuries old when Easter was first celebrated by Christians.与复活兔和复活节一样，复活蛋预示着复活节即将到来。当基督教徒庆祝第一个复活节后，人们开始春天互相交换复活蛋，而这已成为了人们好几百年的习俗。From the earliest times, the egg was a symbol of rebirth in most cultures. Eggs were often wrapped in gold leaf or, if you were a peasant, colored brightly by boiling them with the leaves or petals of certain flowers.
在早期，复活蛋在许多文明中象征着“再生”。人们常常用金色的叶子包裹复活蛋，或是农民的做法：将复活蛋画得色彩斑斓，并把它和叶子或是真花瓣一起煮沸。
Today, children hunt colored eggs and place them in Easter baskets along with the modern version of real Easter eggs -- those made of plastic or chocolate candy.
在今天，孩子们到处搜刮复活蛋，并将这些蛋放到复活节篮子中。为什么呢？因为现代的复活蛋是用软糖或巧克力做的
复活节和圣诞节一样，是外来的节日。《圣经?新约全书》记载，耶稣被钉死在十字架上，第三天身体复活，复活节因此得名。 复活节
复活节是基督宗教最重大的节日，重要性超过圣诞节，宗教起源与节期在以色列。按《圣经?马太福音》的说法，耶稣基督在十字架上受刑死后三天复活，因而设立此节。历史学家根据《圣经》和先进以色列人逾越节的日期，推算出在春分日（3月21日）之后月满后的第一个星期天就是《圣经》中讲到耶稣复活的日子。由于每年的春分日都不固定，所以每年的复活节的具体日期也是不确定的。但节期大致在3月22日至4月25日之间。关于耶稣基督之死，按基督教教义，是为了赎世人的罪；耶稣基督的身体复活，是为了叫信徒得到永生。因此，在基督宗教中，复活节具有极度重要伟大的意义。英国大部分节日都起源于宗教。复活节发生在过了春分月圆后的第一个星期日，原是纪念西亚异教神明巴力的同父异母妹妹亚斯塔路降生的日子，亚斯塔路也是巴力的情妇。相传巴力得知妹妹
亚斯塔路生于一枚天鹅蛋中，就去灌木中寻找；找到了，就抱在怀里孵化出了一只兔子；兔子长大后成了一个美女，和巴力同居，后来在巴力危难之际还救过巴力一命。英语单词Easter的词源就是亚斯塔路。
Easter (ēostre (Old English); Greek: ∏?σχα Paskha, from Hebrew: ?????? Pesakh,/Passover) is the central religious feast in the Christian liturgical
year.[1] According to Christian scripture, Jesus was resurrected from the dead on the third day after his crucifixion. Some Christians celebrate this
resurrection on Easter Day or Easter Sunday[2] (also Resurrection Day or Resurrection Sunday), two days after Good Friday and three days after
Maundy Thursday. The chronology of his death and resurrection is variously interpreted to be between AD 26 and AD 36. Easter also refers to the season of the church year called Eastertide or the Easter Season. Traditionally the Easter Season lasted for the forty days from Easter Day until Ascension Day but now officially[citation needed] lasts for the fifty days until Pentecost. The first week of the Easter Season is known as Easter Week or the Octave of Easter. Easter also marks the end of Lent, a season of fasting, prayer, and penance.
Easter is a moveable feast, meaning it is not fixed in relation to the civil
calendar. The First Council of Nicaea (325) established the date of Easter as the first Sunday after the full moon (the Paschal Full Moon) following the northern hemisphere's vernal equinox.[3] Ecclesiastically, the equinox is reckoned to be on March 21 (regardless of the astronomically correct date), and the "Full Moon" is not necessarily the astronomically correct date. The date of Easter therefore varies between March 22 and April 25. Eastern Christianity bases its calculations on the Julian Calendar whose March 21 corresponds, during the twenty-first century, to April 3 in the Gregorian Calendar, in which calendar their celebration of Easter therefore varies between April 4 and May 8.
Easter is linked to the Jewish Passover by much of its symbolism, as well as by its position in the calendar. In most European languages the feast called Easter in English is termed by the words for passover in those languages and in the older English versions of the Bible the term Easter was the term used to translate passover.[4][5]
Relatively newer[citation needed] elements such as the Easter Bunny and Easter egg hunts have become part of the holiday's modern celebrations, and those aspects are often celebrated by many Christians and non-Christians alike. There are also some Christian denominations who do not celebrate Easter.
Popular modern depictions of Easter can be viewed as a celebration of spring.
篇三：复活节的由来
复活节的由来
复活节（GOOD FRIDAY耶稣受难日）的由来：
每年的3月22日至4月27日之间，春分以后的一个星期五（每年复活节的日期都不一样），在很多西方国家会过一个叫做“好的星期五”（Good Friday）的节日。这是一个对于西方国家来说非常重要的节假日：学校放假、银行关门、商场休息，就连股市也关闭了。这个星期五有什么特别呢？为什么叫“好的”星期五呢？
这是因为在两千年前的一个星期五，一个叫做耶稣的犹太人，被当时统治以色列的罗马政府处以极刑，钉在十字架上。后来耶稣的门徒（现称为基督徒）在每一年的这个星期五纪念他，渐渐地形成了这个叫做“好的星期五（Good Friday）”的节日。中文把这个节日叫做“耶稣受难日”，Good Firday又可以称为God Friday。
但是有一点奇怪的是，作为耶稣的门徒，应该在这个星期五感到难过、悲伤才是。为什么他们把这个悲伤的星期五认为是“好的”呢？
在大约两千年以前，一位名叫耶稣的婴孩降生在犹太的伯利恒，他的一生充满了传奇：圣经中几百个关于基督的预言在他身上应验；他一生医病赶鬼，行神迹无数。他虽然没有受过教育，但是他的教导充满了智慧，让人称奇。最让人迷
惑的是当他的门徒意识到他就是犹太人几千年来所盼望的基督的时候，他却毅然地走上了十字架。他的死给他的门徒以致命的打击，纷纷逃散，他的大门徒彼得更是3三次不认耶稣。
然而他的死并不是故事的终结，因为在3天后他奇迹般地复活了。耶稣复活后，他的门徒有了大的改观，纷纷勇敢热情地传扬耶稣的名。面对罗马政府无止境的压迫、鞭打甚至死亡的威胁，犹太人也不退缩。后来人们渐渐明白，耶稣的死是为了拯救全人类！
因为根据圣经的记载，在人类始祖亚当犯罪后，人类就被罪捆绑，死就是人类的唯一结局。但是神爱世人，为了拯救人类，成为了肉身，来到世上。耶稣在十字架的死，是偿还了所有人类的罪。正如圣经记载的：“他被挂在木头上，亲身担当了我们的罪。”如果你相信耶稣的死是为了你，也愿意接受耶稣作为你的救主，你的罪就被耶稣在十字架上担当，从而被神赦免了。
所以从这一点来看，耶稣的死是一件好事，因为他的死解决了人类罪的问题，使人类重新有了与神和好的机会。接受耶稣的人不但免去了末日的审判，还可以承受永远的生命，得以进入天堂。所以今天基督徒在向人们传讲耶稣的时候，通常叫做传福音，福音的意思就是好消息。这个特别的星期五也就被称为“好的星期五”。
《复活节的来历英文版》出自：百味书屋
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