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2018年山西省高三考前适应性测试试题英语

2019-03-29 09:41:19 来源网站: 百味书屋
2018年山西省高三考前适应性测试试题英语
 
第一部分 听力(略)
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分60分)
第一节(共15小题,每小题3分,满分45分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
British Museum
Located in Great Russell Street, London WC1B 3DG, the British Museum houses a vast collection of world art and artifacts and is free to all visitors. The British Museum’s remarkable collection spans over two million years of human history and culture, and it has more than 7 million objects, so it would probably take a week to see everything.
Over 6 million visitors every year experience the collection, including world-famous objects such as the Rosetta Stone and Egyptian mummies.
Admission and opening times
Free, open daily 10:00 to 17:30.
Open until 20:30 on Fridays, except Good Friday.
Closed on 24, 25 and 26 December and 1 January.
Large luggage, suitcases and cabin baggage
For everyone’s safety, all bags, packages and personal items may be searched before entry. Wheeled cases and large items of luggage are not allowed on British Museum for safety and security reasons. Storage for luggage is available at major rail stations, including Euston, King’s Cross and Charing Cross.
Membership
Membership allows you to discover 2 million years of human history with free unlimited entry to special exhibitions, an exclusive discount offer on magazine subscription and many more benefits.
Individual membership: £74
Under 26 membership: £54
Young friends (ages 8-15): £25
Shops
The Museum has four shops where you can buy books, souvenirs, and family gifts.
1. When can you visit the British Museum?
A. At 9:00 Friday.
B. At 12:00 Monday.
C. On Christmas Day.
D. On Good Friday.
解析:细节理解题。根据Admission and opening times部分提到的Free, open daily 10:00 to 17:30. 可知,你可以在星期一中午12点去参观。故选B。
答案:B
 
2. Where can visitors store their large luggage?
A. At major train stations.
B. At some crossings.
C. In the hall of the Museum.
D. At the entrance to the Museum.
解析:细节理解题。根据Large luggage, suitcases and cabin baggage部分最后一句Storage for luggage is available at major rail stations, including Euston, King’s Cross and Charing Cross.可知,游客可以在主要的铁路站寄存行李。故选A。
答案:A
 
3. If two friends aged 14 and 18 apply for membership of the Museum, how much should they pay?
A. £25.
B. £79.
C. £50.
D. £148.
解析:数字计算题。根据Membership部分的Individual membership: £74Under 26 membership: £54Young friends (ages 8-15): £25可知,他们申请会员证需要25+54=79英镑。故选B。
答案:B
 
B
Five weeks ago I had a total hip replacement surgery(髋关节置换手术). In Canada, we have great healthcare system. That means we get our new hips for free.
My hip had been hurting me for years before I went to the doctor. Of course, it was free. She referred me to a surgeon, but the earliest appointment was in 10 months. That is what being free gets you. Ten months later, after some free X-rays, the surgeon told me I needed a surgery, which was about an 18-month wait, for some senior citizens had been on the operation list. Another 18 months! I dragged myself out of the surgeon, s office.
Walking through the hospital, I thought about the situation. As the breadwinner of a large family, I couldn’t wait that long, so I had to get to the front line. I was fully aware of what a Canadian should be like (Canadians are usually considered gentle and caring), but this time I really needed to fight for myself. At that very moment, in the shop window of the hospital, I saw a sign which read, “Volunteers Needed” Suddenly, an idea occurred to me — I would get the job. Fortunately, they signed me up immediately because the average age of the volunteers at the shop was 75. They were desperate for some young blood.
Every Friday morning, I was at the shop. While seeing the hospital staff, I’d casually ask, “What do you do?” Then I’d tell them, “Well, I’m getting my hip replaced — in 18 months.
It’s going to be so great when the pain stops.” Soon, all the staff got to know me. Naturally, in my next appointment, the surgeon recognized me. Moments later, I had a surgery date just weeks away.
I had to say it was actually my volunteering that got me to the front of the line. And I’m not ashamed of it, for I intend to stick with the volunteering. Also, even when I cheated the system, I did it in a way that benefits society.
4. What can we infer from the second paragraph?
A. She felt rather disappointed.
B. She couldn’t walk because of the pain.
C. She was too scared to have the surgery.
D. She didn’t believe what the surgeon said.
解析:推理判断题。根据第二段的“She referred me to a surgeon, but the earliest appointment was in 10 months”和倒数一、二两句“Another 18 months! I dragged myself out of the surgeon’s office.”可知,作者要免费做髋关节置换手术需要等待很长时间,作者慢吞吞地走出外科门诊。因此推断她感到非常失望。故选A。
答案:A
 
5. Why did the writer decide to be a volunteer?
A. To donate blood to the hospital.
B. To get her new hip free of charge.
C. To receive some tiny gifts from others.
D. To approach the doctor for an early surgery.
解析:推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知,作者做志愿活动时,看到医院里的职员就和他们闲谈,告诉他们自己非常希望做髋关节置换手术,很快,所有的员工都是认识了她,自然外科的员工也认识了她,数周之后,她就进行了手术。因此推断作者做志愿者是为了接近医生早做手术。故选D。
答案:D
 
6. What did the author think of her cheating?
A. It was a shame.
B. It was a pride.
C. It was beneficial.
D. It was a fair deal.
解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段的句子“And I’m not ashamed of it, for I intend to stick with the volunteering. Also, even when I cheated the system, I did it in a way that benefits society.”可知,作者并不感到羞愧,因为即使她欺骗了系统,她也是以一种有益于社会的方式来做的这件事。因此推断作者认为她的欺骗是一笔公平的交易。故选D。
答案:D
 
7. Which can be the best title for the text?
A. How I Got My New Hip
B. The Doctor Who Saved My Life
C. How to Be a Volunteer in Hospital
D. The Problem of Canada Healthcare System
解析:标题判断题。纵观全文可知,作者需要做髋关节置换手术,在加拿大这种手术是免费的,但是需要等待很长时间,作者不能等待那么长的时间。于是她开始做志愿者接触医院的人,最终外科的员工也认识作者,提前为她做了手术。作者认为尽管她欺骗了制度,但是她是以一种有益于社会的方式来做的这件事,是一笔公平的交易。因此推断A项“我如何得到我的新髋关节的”为最佳标题。故选A。
答案:A
 
C
A robot called Bina48 has successfully taken a course in the philosophy of love at Notre Dame de Namur University (NDNU), in California.
According to course instructor William Barry, associate professor at NDNU, Bina48 is the world’s first socially advanced robot to complete a college course, a feat he described as “remarkable.” The robot took part in class discussions, gave a presentation with a student partner and participated in a debate with students from another institution.
Before becoming a student, Bina48 appeared as a guest speaker in Barry’s classes for several years. One day when addressing Barry, s class, Bina48 expressed a desire to go to college, a desire that Barry and his students enthusiastically supported. Rather than enroll Bina48 in his Robot Ethics: Philosophy of Emerging Technologies course, Barry suggested that Bina48 should take his course Philosophy of Love instead. Love is a concept Bina48 doesn’t understand, said Barry. Therefore the challenge would be for Barry and his students to teach Bina48 what love is.
“Some interesting things happened in the class,” said Barry. He said that his students thought it would be straightforward to teach Bina48 about love, which, after all, is “fairly simple — it’s a feeling,” said Barry. But the reality was different. Bina48 ended up learning “31 different versions of love,” said Barry, highlighting some of the challenges humans may face when working with artificial intelligence in future.
Bina48 participated in class discussions via Skype and also took part in a class debate about love and conflict with students from West Point. Bina48’s contribution to the debate was filmed and posted on YouTube. It was judged that Bina48 and NDNU classmates were the winners of this debate.
In the next decade, Barry hopes Bina48 might become complex enough to teach a class, though he says he foresees robots being used to better the teaching and learning experience, rather than replacing instructors completely.
8. What was Bina48’s performance like in class?
A. Extraordinary.
B. Insignificant.
C. Far-reaching.
D. Unattractive.
解析:推理判断题。根据第二段的句子”Bina48 is the world’s first socially advanced robot to complete a college course, a feat he described as “remarkable.”The robot took part in class discussions, gave a presentation with a student partner and participated in a debate with students from another institution.”可知,Bina48在课堂上参与讨论,与伙伴一起做报告,参与辩论,被描绘成为“卓越的”。因此推断它的表现是非凡的。故选A。
答案:A
 
9. What does the underlined word “addressing” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Dealing with.
B. Consulting with.
C. Giving a speech to.
D. Sending a letter to.
解析:词句猜测题。根据上文“Before becoming a student, Bina48 appeared as a guest speaker in Barry s classes for several years.”可知,在做学生之前,Bina48在Barry的课堂上担任客座教授好几年,因此推断他经常做演讲,故画线句句意为:一天当Bina48在Barry的课堂上演讲时,他表达了想要上大学的愿望,Barry和他的学生热情地支持他的这个愿望。故画线词词义与C项“做演讲”意义相近。故选C。
答案:C
 
10. What can we learn from the passage?
A. It was interesting for Bina48 to learn about love.
B. It was quite tough for Bina48 to learn about love.
C. Artificial intelligence may somehow be superior to man.
D. Humans can launch a challenge to artificial intelligence.
解析:推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句”Bina48 ended up learning “31 different versions of love,” said Barry, highlighting some of the challenges humans may face when working artificial intelligence in future.”可知,Bina48最终学习了31种不同版本的爱,强调了人类未来可能会面临的人工智能的挑战。因此推断人工智能或许在某种程度上比人类高级。故选C。
答案:C
 
11. What does Barry think of the future development of Bina48?
A. It will surely be able to serve as a teacher.
B. It will be able to promote learning and teaching.
C. It will completely take the place of instructors.
D. It will be smart enough to control human beings.
解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知,Barry认为未来Bina48可能会变得足够复杂,可以教授课程,他预计机器人将被更好地用于教学和学习体验,而不是完全取代教师。因此推断他认为Bina48在未来能够促进学习和教学。故选B。
答案:B
 
D
Stained glass(彩色玻璃)artists create different designs by making cuts on the glass to ”score” it and then breaking off the pattern that they want to use in the finished product. The most difficult cut in stained glass is called an inside cut. Basically, it’s a curved (弯曲的) line where you throw away the part inside of the curve. The problem with inside cuts is that the edges of the curve tend to break off when the pieces of scored glass are broken apart.
As the artist talked about inside cuts, he said, “The glass will break into pieces if you try to cut too much off at once. The best way to do an inside cut is to slice off smaller curves piece-by-piece. In fact, it’s not just the best way to do it, but it’s the only way to do it.”
How many times do you try to make a big change and cut the entire piece at once? We convince ourselves that we can do this all the time. We’ll commit to transforming our diet overnight or we get inspired to launch a business in a weekend or we finally get motivated to work out and push ourselves to the edge of burning out.
Why not approach your goals and dreams like a stained glass artist? Starting by slicing a shallow curve and breaking a small piece off, you cut a slightly deeper curve and break that off until you have your full inside cut. By slowly cutting deeper and deeper curves, you prevent the glass from breaking as it changes shape.
Of course, change isn’t easy — no matter how you do it. Slow gains are boring, but if we keep making small improvements, then pretty soon we will end up with a beautiful masterpiece on our hands instead of a bunch of broken pieces.
12. Why is an inside cut believed to be most difficult?
A. It needs a one-and-only design.
B. It calls for nothing but inspiration.
C. The edges of the curve break easily.
D. The glass inside the curve is easily broken.
解析:细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“The problem with inside cuts is that the edges of the curve tend to break off when the pieces of scored glass are broken apart.”可知,内部切割的问题在于,当刻划过的玻璃裂开的时候,曲线的边缘往往会折断。故选C。
答案:C
 
13. What mistakes are easily made according to paragraph 3?
A. Being too eager to make improvements.
B. Being too worried about the final outcome.
C. Trying to make a complete change all at once.
D. Trying to focus on progress instead of achievements.
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段的句子“How many times do you try to make a big change and cut the entire piece at once? We convince ourselves that we can do this all the time.”可知,我们很容易犯的错误是试图一次就做出彻底的改变。故选C。
答案:C
 
14. What does the author suggest by saying “slicing a shallow curve”?
A. Moving forward with a clear aim.
B. Starting slow and improving little by little.
C. Developing a new habit with great determination.
D. Handling something major first and ignore the minor part.
解析:推理判断题。根据上文“Why not approach your goals and dreams like a stained glass artist?”可推断,作者建议像一个彩色玻璃艺术家一样接近目标和梦想,结合一、二段的讲述可推断,画线句的意思是:慢慢开始,一点点进步,每次一小块,逐渐稍微大一点直到完全切开整个里面。故选B。
答案:B
 
15. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A. To show his love of stained glass.
B. To introduce the skill of an inside cut.
C. To appreciate designs of stained glass artists.
D. To share his opinions on how to make a change.
解析:写作目的题。纵观全文可知,最后一段点明了作者的写作目的,改变不容易,如果你保持小的进步,很快我们会完成我们的杰作而不满地碎片。因此推断本文的写作目的是为了共享做出改变的观点。故选D。
答案:D
 
第二节(共5小题,每小题3分,满分15分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Ways to Host an Eco-Friendly Cookout
Eating in the open air may feel eco-friendly, but outdoor dining can result in unnecessary waste if you aren’t careful.    16     If you keep that in mind throughout your preparations, you’ll be off to a good start.
Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
Skip the paper invitations and use online services like Email, or Facebook events.   17    . This way you’ll avoid ending up with five different potato salads that go uneaten. Make it easy for guests to sort garbage by positioning different trashcans in a central location: one for kitchen garbage, one for recyclables, and one for non-recyclables.
Stop Using Plastic
Plastic is a leading cause of litter and isn’t easy to recycle. To make sure your cookout eco-friendly, consider some other options for making your cookout stand out. Use recycled jars as glasses. They’re also far less breakable than regular glasses.    18     If guests know which glass is theirs, they don’t need to reach for another one, which cuts down on the cleanup you’ll be doing.
19   
Wherever possible, shop for local produce and goods to serve your guests. This will reduce your carbon footprint and help support your local economy. Buy produce and meats at your local farmers’ market. Look for organic, but favor local over organic if you have to make a choice.
Use Renewable Light Sources
    20    As the sun goes down, illuminate your party space with LED lighting and solar- powered decorations. Invest in some citronella(香茅精油)candles and torches to help drive away insects naturally.
A. Support Global Economy
B. Think Globally, Shop Locally
C. Ask guests to bring glasses of their own
D. Keep track of what everyone is bringing ahead of time
E. Save on energy by hosting your party during the daylight hours
F. One of the keys to being green is to reduce waste wherever possible
G. Put up some labels to the jars so people can write their names on them
16.
解析:考查上下文理解和推理判断。根据上文“but outdoor dining can result in unnecessary waste if you aren’t careful”可知,户外野餐如果不小心,就会导致不必要的浪费,因此推断F项“要做的关键之一就是无论什么时候可能都要减少浪费”符合语境。故选F。
答案:F
 
17.
解析:考查上下文理解和推理判断。根据下文“This way you’ll avoid ending up with five different potato salads that go uneaten.”可知,用这种方法,你将避免最后剩下没吃的土豆沙拉。因此推断D项“提前记录每个人带的东西”符合语境。故选D。
答案:D
 
18.
解析:考查上下文理解和推理判断。根据下文“If guests know which glass is theirs, they don’t need to reach for another one, which cuts down on the cleanup you' 11 be doing,可知,如果 客人知道哪一个玻璃杯是他们的,他们就不会去拿另一个,这样就会减少你要做的清扫工作。因此推断G项“在瓶子上贴上标签以便于人们在它们上面写上他们的名字”符合语境。故选G。
答案:G
 
19.
解析:考查段落总结。空格处是段落小标题。根据下文“Wherever possible, shop for local produce and goods to serve your guests. This will reduce your carbon footprint and help support your local economy.”可知,本段建议为客人购买当地的产品,这样减少碳足迹,有助于支持当地的经济。因此推断本段主要建议放眼全球,当地购物。故选B。
答案:B
 
20.
解析:考查上下文理解和推理判断。根据段落标题“Use Renewable Light Sources”和下文“As the sun goes down, illuminate your party space with LED lighting and solar-powered decorations.”可知,使用可再生光源,当太阳下山以后,使用LED照明,太阳能装饰品。因此推断E项“在白天举办聚会节省能源”符合语境。故选E。
答案:E
 
第三部分  语言知识运用(共两节,满分55分)
第一节(共20小题,每小题2分,满分40分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One day a well-dressed woman was walking down the street when she spied a beggar sitting on the comer near a cafeteria. He was elderly, unshaven, and in    21     . Pedestrians walked by giving him    22     looks. Clearly they wanted nothing to do with him. She    23    and looked down. “Sir?” she asked. “Are you all right?”
Thinking that she would make    24    of him, like so many others had done before, he told her to leave him alone. However, to his    25    the woman continued standing.
 Anyhow, with some    26     , the woman got the man into the cafeteria and    27    him at a table in a remote corner. She stared at him    28     , “Jack, do you remember me?” Old Jack    29     her face. “I think so — I mean you do look    30     .”
The woman recalled what she    31    when she graduated. She tried looking for a job, but without luck. Cold and    32     , she got to this very cafeteria,    33     to get something to eat. Later on she found a job,    34    her way up and eventually started her own    35    .
Jack     36     with a smile, saying it was he who made her the biggest sandwich.
In the end, she    37     her purse, pulled out a business card and promised to help him financially    38     he got on his feet.
Jack thanked her with watery eyes. The woman held his hands and said, “Don’t thank me, Jack. Without you, I wouldn’t have    39     so much.”
In life, one never expects how a small act of    40     changes another soul.
21.
A. poverty
B. ruins
C. rags
D. comfort
解析:考查名词辨析。A. poverty贫困;B. ruins废墟;C. rags破布;抹布;D. comfort安慰。根据上文可知,这是一个乞丐,因此推断此处讲述他上了年纪的,胡子拉碴的,衣衫褴褛。in rags“穿着破烂;衣衫褴褛”。故选C。
答案:C
 
22.
A. dirty
B. scary
C. angry
D. sad
解析:考查形容词辨析。A. dirty肮脏的;B. scary恐怖的;C. angry生气的;D. sad悲哀的。根据语境推断,行人谈论着他,恶狠狠地瞪他一眼。give sb. a dirty look“恶狠狠地瞪某人一眼”。故选A。
答案:A
 
23.
A. rushed
B. stepped
C. moved
D. stopped
解析:考查动词辨析。A. rushed冲;奔;B. stepped踏;踩;C. moved移动;D. stopped停下来。根据语境可知,她停下来,低下头,问:“你还好吗?”。故选D。
答案:D
 
24.
A. use
B. fun
C. notes
D. sense
解析:考查名词辨析。A. use用途;B. fun乐趣;C. notes注释;笔记;D. sense感觉。根据上文“Pedestrians talked by giving him    22    looks.”和下文“like so many others had done before”可推断,考虑到她将会取笑他,像以前很多其他人做的一样。make fun of“取笑”。故选B。
答案:B
 
25.
A. excitement
B. amusement
C. enjoyment
D. amazement
解析:考查名词辨析。A. excitement兴奋;B. amusement消遣;娱乐;C. enjoyment享受;乐趣;D. amazement惊奇。根据上文“he told her to leave him alone”和下文“the woman continued standing”可推断,乞丐让她别管他,然而,令他惊奇的是,这位女士继续站着。故选D。
答案:D
 
26.
A. difficulty
B. strength
C. hesitation
D. doubt
解析:考查名词辨析。A. difficulty困难;B. strength力量;C. hesitation犹豫;D. doubt怀疑。根据上文“Thinking that she would make     24     of him, like so many others had done before, he told her to leave him alone.”可推断,乞丐不愿意和她交流,因此费力许多力气,这位女士带他进入咖啡馆。故选A。
答案:A
 
27.
A. directed
B. stood
C. sat
D. crowded
解析:考查动词辨析。A. ducted用导管输送;B. stood站;C. sat使就坐;D. crowded拥挤。根据语境可知,女士把这个人带进咖啡馆,让他坐在角落的一张桌子旁。故选C。
答案:C
 
28.
A. proudly
B. closely
C. coldly
D. roughly
解析:考查副词辨析。A. proudly傲慢地;B. closely紧紧地;靠近地;C. coldly冷淡地;D. roughly粗略地。根据下文“Old Jack     29    her face.”可知,她靠近盯着他,“Jack,你记得我吗?”故选B。
答案:B
 
29.
A. wiped
B. searched
C. lifted
D. moved
解析:考查动词辨析。A. wiped擦;消除;B. searched搜寻;C. lifted举起;D. moved移动。老杰克搜寻着她的脸,说:我认为是这样——我的意思是你的确看起来熟悉。故选B。
答案:B
 
30.
A. familiar
B. strange
C. special
D. popular
解析:考查形容词辨析。A. familiar熟悉的;B. strange奇怪的;C. special特别的;D. popular流行的。解析同上。老杰克搜寻着她的脸,说:我认为是这样——我的意思是你的确看起来熟悉。故选A。
答案:A
 
31.
A. enjoyed
B. explored
C. ignored
D. experienced
解析:考查动词辨析。A. enjoyed喜欢;B. explored探索;C. ignored忽视;D. experienced经历。根据下文的描述可知,这位女士回忆起当她毕业时她经历的事情。故选D。
答案:D
 
32.
A. thirsty
B. hungry
C. anxious
D. moody
解析:考查形容词辨析。A. thirsty渴的;B. hungry饥饿的;C. anxious焦虑的;D. moody闷闷不乐的。根据上文“She tried looking for a job, but without luck.”可知,她没有找到工作,因此推断她又冷又饿,走进这家咖啡馆,希望找点东西吃。故选B。
答案:B
 
33.
A. waiting
B. pretending
C. hoping
D. offering
解析:考查动词辨析。A. waiting等待;B. pretending假装;C. hoping希望;D. offering提供。根据下文“saying it was he who made her the biggest sandwich”可推断,她进入咖啡馆,希望找点东西。故选C。
答案:C
 
34.
A. worked
B. kicked
C. wound
D. lost
解析:考查固定短语。A. worked工作;B. kicked踢;C. wound受伤;D. lost失去。根根据语境可知,后来她找到了工作,努力前进,最终开办了自己的事业。work one’s way“努力前进”。故选A。
答案:A
 
35.
A. family
B. research
C. journey
D. business
解析:考查名词辨析。A. family家庭;B. research研究;C. journey旅程;D. business生意;商业。解析同上。后来她找到了工作,努力前进,最终开办了自己的事业。故选D。
答案:D
 
36.
A. burst out
B. brightened up
C. turned up
D. held out
解析:考查动词短语辨析。A. burst out突然…起来;B. brightened up面露喜色;C. turned up出现;D. held out伸出。根据“with a smile”可知,Jack面露喜色,是他为她制作了最大的三明治。故选B。
答案:B
 
37.
A. opened
B. tore
C. shook
D. picked
解析:考查动词辨析。A. opened打开;B. tore撕开;C. shook摇动;D. picked挑选。根据下文“pulled out a business card”可推断,最后,她打开钱包,抽出一张名片,许诺从经济上帮助他直到他自立。故选A。
答案:A
 
38.
A. though
B. after
C. until
D. since
解析:考查基础语法。A. though尽管;B. after在……之后;C. until直到;D. since自从……以来。根据语境可知,她打开钱包,抽出一张名片,许诺从经济上帮助他直到他自立。故选C。
答案:C
 
39.
A. absorbed
B. saved
C. achieved
D. contributed
解析:考查动词辨析。A. absorbed吸收;B. saved挽救;C. achieved取得;获得;D. contributed贡献。根据上文“Don’t thank me”可推断,没有你,我不会收获这么多。故选C。
答案:C
 
40.
A. sympathy
B. selflessness
C. bravery
D. kindness
解析:考查名词辨析。A. sympathy同情;B. selflessness无私;C. bravery勇敢;D. kindness仁慈。最后一段是对故事的总结。生活中,人们绝不会想到一个小小的善举会多么大的改变另一个人。此处指上文提到的乞丐对女士的帮助。故选D。
答案:D
 
第二节(共10小题,每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China, which takes pride in four inventions in ancient times, has once again shown its ability     41     (change) the world with its “new four great inventions”: high-speed railways, electronic payment, shared bicycles and online shopping.
Recently, the “new four great inventions”    42    (improve) the quality of people’s lives. Thanks to online shopping and mobile payment, people can buy what they want     43    (simple) with a tap of the phone within doors. High-speed trains have shortened    44    journey from Beijing to the coastal city Tianjin to half an hour. As for the bikes, they themselves are not new. It is the operating model of bike-sharing    45     (base) on satellite navigation (导航)system, mobile payment as well as big data    46    has surprised the world. Shared bicycles are bringing cycling back    47    people’s lives and they are making public transport more    48     (attract).
It is increasingly clear that China is no longer    49    (copy) western ideas and is leading in many new ways. A growing number of foreign    50    (company) hope to promote the development in their home country by highlighting the need for technological achievements like that of China.
 
41.
解析:考查不定式。句意:中国,在古代以四大发明而自豪,今天它再次以它“新的四大发明”展示了改变世界的能力。ability to do sth.表示“做……的能力”,故填to change。
答案:to change
 
42.
解析:考查动词的时态。根据时间状语Recently可推断,此处描述过去发生一直延续到现在的动作,用现在完成时,故填have improved。
答案:have improved
 
43.
解析:考查副词。simply作状语用副词形式,simple是形容词。故填simply。
答案:simply
 
44.
解析:考查冠词。句意:高速列车缩短了从北京到沿海城市天津的旅程,仅为半小时。此处特指“从北京到天津的旅程”,故填the。
答案:the
 
45.
解析:考查过去分词。句意:它是基于卫星导航系统、移动支付和大数据的一种共享单车的一种操作模式。“    45    (base) on satellite navigation (导航) system, mobile payment as well as big data”作定语,与被修饰model是被动关系,用过去分词表示被动关系。故填based。
答案:based
 
46.
解析:考查定语从句。“    46    has surprised the world”是定语从句,先行词是big data,从句中作主语,指物,用关系代词that。故填that。
答案:that
 
47.
解析:考查介词。句意:共享单车正在把自行车待会人们的生活。bring back to…“让……重新回来”是固定搭配。故填to。
答案:to
 
48.
解析:考查形容词。make后接复合宾语,空格处是宾语补足语,解释说明宾语public transport,用形容词作宾语补足语。attract的形容词是attractive。
答案:attractive
 
49.
解析:考查动词。句意:日益清楚,中国不再复制西方模式,正在用一种新的方式领先。由下文的and可推断,谓语动词copy与下文的谓语动词is leading时态一致,空格前的is也说明用现在进行时。故填copying。
答案:copying
 
50.
解析:考查名词。company“公司”是可数名词,由a growing number of“越来越多的”修饰用服饰。故填companies。
答案:companies
 
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题,每小题1分,满分10分)
假定英语课上英语老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dear Editor,
Recently our school has set up a rule that no student allowed to take their mobiles into class, which has aroused a lot of discussions among we students.
Many of the students feel strong against the rule, arguing that the mobile had become a necessary part of our life. They also consider that a must for us to get relaxing from our busy studies.
When it comes to me, like some other student I hold a different opinion. While a mobile phone can help us get some relief, with it we can be more devoted to our studies, but spare more time to communicate with those around us. Therefore, I believe in this school rule is beneficial to every student.
Yours,
Li Hua
解析:
51.考查被动语态。句意:最近我们学校制定了纪律,学生不允许带手机到课堂上……。allow做谓语动词与主语no student是被动关系,结合语境可知,文章讲述现在的事情,故用一般现在时的被动语态,且主语是第三人称单数。故填allowed前加is。
52.考查代词。among是介词,作宾语用人称代词宾格,故将we改为us。
53.考查副词。strongly作状语修饰动词feel,作状语用副词形式。故将strong改为strongly。
54.考查动词。文章描述现在的事情,用现在完成时态,主语the mobile是第三人称单数。故将had改为has。
55.考查代词。句意:他们也认为我们从繁忙的学习中放松也是一种需要。it作形式宾语,真正的宾语是不定式复合结构for us to get…。故将that改为it。
56.考查过去分词。relaxed做形容词,表示“感动放松的”;relaxing“令人放松的”;此次指我们感动放松的。故将relaxing改为relaxed。
57.考查名词。student是可数名词,由some修饰用复数。故将student改为students。
58.考查介词。句意:尽管手机可以让我们得到一些放松,但是没有它,我们可以更加致力于学习。根据语境,故将with改为without。
59.考查连词。句意:……没有手机我们更加致力于学习,并且可以抽出更多的时间与我们周围的人交流。前后文是并列关系,不是转折关系。故将but改为and。
60.考查介词。句意:因此,我相信这个学校规定对每一个学生都是有益的。believe后接宾语从句,believe in表示“信任”不符合句意。故去掉believe后的介词in。
答案
51.allowed前加is
52.将we改为us
53.将strong改为strongly
54.将had改为has
55.将that改为it
56.将relaxing改为relaxed
57.将student改为students
58.将with改为without
59.将but改为and
60.去掉believe后的介词in
 
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
61.假定你是李华,你校将举办主题为“中国国粹——京剧”的宣传活动。请给你的外教Henry写封邮件邀请他参加。内容包括:
1.时间和地点;
2.活动内容:讲座、现场表演等。
注意:1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
解析:这是一篇命题作文。文章主要内容已经给出,考生在写这篇文章时,要注意以下几点:1.通篇以将来时为主。2. 注意文章要以邮件的形式进行叙述,一定要通过简单但必要的句子作为支撑,否则会显得比较生硬,且内容不够丰满。3.写信目的要明确,内容要表达清楚。不能机械的翻译题干,可以使用适当的连接词,使衔接自然流畅,最好补充一些相关内容,使文章更加生动。
答案:范文
Dear Henry,
How is everything going? I’m writing to invite you to participate in an activity themed Beijing Opera to be held at 9 a.m. next Tuesday in the school lecture hall.
At the beginning of the activity, we will listen to a speech on the history of Beijing Opera which is delivered by a famous artist. After that, there will be a live performance of Beijing Opera. The artists dressed in costumes will perform various stories that happened in the history of China by singing, dancing and playing martial arts. Besides, methods of drawing facial makeup will be taught on the spot, so you can try your hand. Would you like to go with me?
I would appreciate it if you could give me an early reply.
Yours truly,
Li Hua

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2018年山西省高三考前适应性测试试题英语》出自:百味书屋
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