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英文句子种类:肯定句和否定句

2016-12-20 06:28:12 来源网站: 百味书屋

篇一:英语肯定句变否定句练习

专题: 把肯定句改成否定句

把肯定句改成否定句分以下情况:

1、 句中有be动词的,在be动词后加not;

2、 句中有情态动词的(can ,should,must ,would),在情态动词后面加not;

3、 句中没有be动词和情态动词的,在动词前加don’t或doesn’t ;

① 句中动词为原形的,加don’t .如: I like apples. ?I don’t like apples.②句中动词为三单式的,加doesn’t,并将三单式的动词还原成原形。

如:He likes apples.? He doesn’t like apples.

③时态为过去时的,要加didn’t 而且动词过去式要改为原形,

例:I went to school yesterday .→I didn’t go to school yeaterday .

4.肯定句中的some在否定句中应改为any

如:There are some students in the classroom.? There are not any students in the classroom.

将下列各句改成否定句

1、Tom’s brother is walking in the park.

______________________________________________________

3、The students of Class 5 are cleaning the classroom.

______________________________________________________

5、Tom and Mary are friends.

______________________________________________________

7、There are some books in the bookcase.

______________________________________________________

9、I’m a student.

______________________________________________________

11、 Your father can ride a bike.

______________________________________________________

13、 They can play football after school.

______________________________________________________

16、 We come from China.

______________________________________________________

19、 He likes the violin.

______________________________________________________

20、 Have some bread, Tom.

______________________________________________________

一般疑问句

一般疑问句

在英语的学习中,一般疑问句的转换及回答是经常碰到的问题,现在我们就来探讨一下有关一般疑问句的问题。

一、什么是一般疑问句

用Yes或No作答的疑问句叫一般疑问句。一般疑问句还有下列特点:1、以be动词、助动词或情态动词开头;例:Is your father a teacher? Does she like animals? Can Jenny speak Chinese?2、往往读升调;3、译成汉语,都可以带上“吗”,例如上面三句可分别译为:你父亲是老师吗?她喜欢动物吗?Jenny会说英语吗?

二、例何将陈述句变成一般疑问句?

要将陈述句变成一般疑问句,可以遵循下列步骤:

1.看句中有没有be动词(am、is、 are、 was、 were)、和情态动词(can、must、will、may等),如果有,将其提到句首,句末打上问号即可。 例 : She is a girl.

→Is she a girl?

Tom's father can play the piano.

→Can Tom's father play the piano?

练习:

1.This is a boy

2.It is a cat .

3.This is your sister.

4.Those are my books.

5.These are apples.

2.如果句中没有be动词、助动词或情态动词,则根据谓语动词的形式借助do的相应形式放在句首。具体方法是:如果谓语动词是原形或者主语是第一人称、第二人称、第三人称复数则借do;如果谓语动词是一般现在时第三人称单数形式,则借does; 需要注意的是,借does后,原句的谓语动词要变回原形。 例:They go to school by bike.

→Do they go to school by bike?

Bill gets up at 6:30 every day.

→Does bill get up at 6:30 every day?

练习:

1.I love my parents.

2.I play computer games every night.

3.I have a TV.

三.陈述句变一般疑问句应注意的事项

陈述句变成一般疑问句除了遵循上述规则以外,还应注意下列几点:

1.如果陈述句中有第一人称,则变问句时最好要变为第二人称。 例:I usually have lunch at school.

→Do you usually have lunch at school?

My father is playing soccer.

→Is your father playing soccer?

2.如果陈述句中有some, 则变问句时往往要变成any 。

例: There is →Is there3.如果句中含有实义动词have且表示“有”时,除借do外,也可将其直接提到句首。

例:I have some friends in America.

→Have you any friends in America?/Do you have any friends in America? 综合练习:

1. His father is an English teacher.

2. These cats are crying.

3. They can swim.

4. I like to read English.

篇二:句子种类:肯定句和否定句

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定义含否定词的句子称为否定句(Negative Sentence),不含否定词的句子就称为肯定句(Affirmative Sentence)。例如:

例:Mr. Walker is an Englishman.

(华克先生是英国人。——肯定句)

例:He is not an American.

(他不是美国人。——否定句)

简单地说,表达事物的“Yes”这一面的句子就是肯定句,“No”的一面的就叫做否定句。

传统的英语入门都是先学肯定句,然后再学肯定句的反面,亦就是否定句。

否定句的表达方式基本上有下面的两种。

(1)使用副词否定词“not”,例如:

(a)be,have为主要动词:

例:I am not a good swimmer.

(我不是一个游泳的好手。)

例:He was not at home yesterday afternoon.

(昨天下午他不在家。)

例:I have not much money.

(我没有很多钱。)

例:He has not many friend here.

(在这里他没有很多朋友。)

解说“be/have +not”常缩短成一词,尤其是日常谈话更是如此。例如:

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例:You aren't [a:nt] a friend of his, are you ?

(你不是他的朋友吧,是不是?)

例:He isn't [>!znt] my brother.

(他不是我的兄弟。)

例:I wasn't [>w&znt] there at that time.

(当时我没有在那儿。)

例:There weren't [w+:nt] many people at the party yesterday.

(昨天没有很多人参加宴会。)

“am +not”不是“amn't”,而是“aren't”或“ain't[eint]”,例如:

例:I ain't ready.

(我还没准备好。)

例:I am very nice to you, aren't I?

(我对你很不错,是不是?)

美国人用“ain't”很随便,应该是“are not,is not,have not,has not”的地方,他们也会“ain't”一下就带过去,宜注意。

下面例句是“have not,has not”的缩短形。

例:I haven't[>h$vnt] a headache.

(我没有头痛。)

例:He hasn't[>h$znt] come yet.

(他还没来。)

(b)be,have为助动词

例:You aren't going to go to her birthday party, are you?

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(你不打算参加她的生日宴会,是不是?)

例:It isn't raining outside.

(外面没有在下雨。)

例:She wasn't asked to speak at the meeting.

(她没有被请求在会上讲话。)

例:I haven't done anything wrong to her.

(他没有做对不起她的事。)

例:He hasn't yet paid the money.

(他尚未付钱。)

be+ V -ing(进行时),be +P.P.(过去分词)(被动词态),have(has,had)+P.P.(完成时)等的“be,have(has,had)”皆为助动词。例1的“be going to ?”在学校文法中也常被视为助动词。

(c)“助动词+V”时

动词带有助动词“will,shall,can,may,must,need,dare,ought to,used to,had better”等时,将“not”置于助动词与主要动词之间。例如:

例:I will not do it again.

I won't[wount] do it again.

(我不愿意再做这种事。)

例:The old man cannot find his way home.

(那个老人找不到回家的路。)

例:I couldn't sleep last night.

(昨夜我无法入睡。)

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例:You ought not to swim in the river.

(你不应该在河里游泳。)

例:You had better not tell her everything.

(你最好不要样样事情都告诉她。)

注:“can”的否定形式是“cannot or can't”,不可写成“can not or cann't”。

(d)使用助动词“do”的否定句

一般动词的否定句通常使用助动词“do”,句式如下:

句型 do(does, did)+not + V(原形动词)

例:I don't know her very well.

(我并不很了解她。)

例:He doesn't like Chinese tea very much.

(他并不很喜欢中国茶。)

例:She didn't come to school this morning.

(今天早上她没有来上学。)

例:Don't believe him.

(不要相信他的话。)

注:“have”表达“有”以外的意义时,其否定句通常使用助动词“do”,例如:

例:Usually I don't have (=eat) breakfast on Sunday morning.

(通常星期天早上我不吃早餐。)

例:She doesn't have (=drink) coffee for breakfast.

(她不把咖啡充作早餐喝。)

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例:We didn't have (=enjoy) a good time there yesterday.

(昨天我们在那里玩得不愉快。)

不过美式英语“have”作“有”的意义使用时也如一般动词使用助动词“do”,例如:

例:I don't have brothers.

(我没有兄弟。)

例:We didn't have time enough to finish the work.

(我们当时没有足够的时间完成那件工作。)

(2)使用“not”以外的否定词

“not”以外的否定词有:

(a)副词:never,seldom,hardly,little,neither,etc.

例:She never comes to school late.

(他上学从不迟到。)

例:She seldom comes to see me.

(她不常来看我。)

(b)形容词:no,few,little,etc.

例:I have no brothers.(=I don't have brothers.)

(我没有兄弟。)

例:He has few friends in Hong Kong.

(他在香港几乎没有朋友。)

(c)代词:nothing,nobody,none,etc.

例:I know nothing about computer.

篇三:英语肯定句,否定句,一般疑问句和特殊疑问句

小学英语肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句

一、be动词:am, is, are

二、肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句定义

1.肯定句:表示肯定的意思, 即不含有否定词“不”。

比如:我是一个学生 I am a student.

他去上学 He goes to school.

2.否定句:表示否定的意思。 比如:我不是一个男孩。 I am not a boy

3. 一般疑问句:回答为“是yes”或者“否no”的问句。

比如:你是一个学生吗? Are you a student?

你喜欢英语吗?Do you like English?

4. 特殊疑问句:回答不是“是yes”或者“否no”的问句,根据提问内容具体回答。 比如:现在几点了? What’s the time?

哪一支笔是你的? Which is your pen?

三、肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的相互转换

有am, is, are的句子

肯定句变否定句:在am, is, are后面加上not,其余按顺序照抄。

肯定句变一般疑问句:把am, is, are提前放到句首并大写Am, Is, Are,其余照抄。 肯定句变特殊疑问句(就划线部分提问):分3步骤

第一步:先变一般疑问句

第二步:找合适的特殊疑问词代替划线部分

第三步:特殊疑问词提前放到句首,并大写,其余按顺序照抄,省略划线部分。 注意:1.一定先变一般疑问句。但是,如果问的是主语或主语的定语时,语序不变, 为"特殊疑问词(+主语)+陈述句"。

如:Li ming 's not here today. Who's not here today? 今天谁没来?

2.

例如:

1. 肯定句、否定句和一般疑问句的互换

肯定句:This is a book.

否定句:This is not a book.

一般疑问句:Is this a book?

肯定回答:Yes, it is.

否定回答:No, it isn’t.

2. 就划线部分提问(变特殊疑问句) 第一步:变一般疑问句 Is this a book?

第二步:找合适的特殊疑问词 Is this what ?

第三步:特殊疑问词提前放到句首,并大写,其余按顺序照抄,省略划线部分。What is this? 没有am, is, are的句子,

肯定句变否定句:在主语后面加上do not或者does not, 肯定句变一般疑问句:在句首加do或者does并大写,其余照抄。注意:动词用原形 肯定句变特殊疑问句(就划线部分提问):分3步骤

第一步:先变一般疑问句

第二步:找合适的特殊疑问词代替划线部分

第三步:特殊疑问词提前放到句首,并大写,其余按顺序照抄,省略划线部分。

注意:1.一定先变一般疑问句。但是,如果问的是主语或主语的定语时,语序不变,为"特殊疑问词(+主语)+陈述句"。

2.划线部分不能在特殊疑问句中出现。

非单三时用do, 单三时用does

肯定句:I like English.

一般疑问句:Do you like English?

否定句:I do not like English.

肯定句:He likes English.

一般疑问句:Does he like English?

否定句:He does not like English.

就划线部分提问:I like English.

第一步:先变一般疑问句 Do you like English?

第二步:找合适的特殊疑问词代替划线部分Do you like what?

第三步:特殊疑问词提前放到句首,并大写,其余按顺序照抄,省略划线部分。 What do you like?

特殊:

1.some变为any。如:

There are some birds in the tree.→There aren't any birds in the tree.

但是,若在表示请邀请、请求的句子中,some可以不变。如:Would you like some orange juice? 与此相关的一些不定代词如something, somebody等也要进行相应变化。 2.and变为or。如: I have a knife and a ruler.→I don't have a knife or a ruler. 3.a lot of (=lots of)变为many或much。如: They have a lot of friends.(可数名词)→They don't have many friends. There is lots of orange in the bottle.(不可数名词)→There isn't much orange in the bottle. 4.already变为yet。如: I have been there already.→I haven't been there yet.

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